哪种环境样本类型和统计方法提供了最多关于小孩在城市环境中的金属暴露的信息?
1Macquarie University, School of Natural Sciences, Sydney, Australia.
Environmental research
|July 10, 2023
概括
确定儿童的金属暴露来源是关键. 室内手巾 (W1) 和室外扫尘器是可靠的指标,从户外土壤中重新悬浮是可能的途径.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 儿科毒理学 儿科毒理学
- 分析化学 分析化学
背景情况:
- 为了尽量减少幼儿接触有毒物质,需要确定暴露来源和途径.
- 五岁以下的儿童特别容易受到环境毒素的影响.
研究的目的:
- 确定最可靠的采样方法和数据分析,以评估幼儿金属暴露.
- 确定城市环境中儿童接触金属的关键来源和途径.
主要方法:
- 监测了108名儿童 (<5岁) 长达5年,收集了约7000个样本 (手巾,灰尘,土壤,血液,尿液).
- 使用ICP-MS分析了12种金属 (Ca,Cd,Cr,Cu,Fe,Mg,Mn,Ni,Pb,Ti,V,Zn) 的样本.
- 用皮尔森相关性,混合模型分析 (MMA),集群分析和主要组件分析 (PCA) 来解释数据.
主要成果:
- 内部的手巾 (W1) 和外部的扫尘器显示出与血液金属水平的最高相关性.
- MMA确定了W1,室内灰尘 (PD1) 和扫地作为血液金属水平的一致预测因素.
- 集群分析揭示了不同样本类型中不同的金属分组,W1和PD1通过PCA提供了显著的差异.
结论:
- 混合模型分析室内手巾 (W1) 和扫尘器,以及对W1和室内家用灰尘 (PD1) 的集群分析,是评估儿童金属暴露的最合适方法.
- 室外灰尘和土壤被重新入住宅,这可能是幼儿接触金属的主要途径.
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