产前暴露于环境空气污染和自闭症谱系障碍:基于家庭的病例控制研究的结果
Nima Ghahari1,2, Fatemeh Yousefian3, Ehsan Najafi2
1Centre for Health Services Research Faculty of Medicine University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia.
JCPP advances
|July 11, 2023
概括
在怀孕期间,特别是第二和第三个月,暴露于一氧化碳 (CO) 和二氧化 (NO2) 与儿童患自闭症的风险增加有关. 这项研究强调了影响自闭症发展的潜在环境因素.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的患病率正在上升,但其原因仍然不清楚.
- 现有关于空气污染和自闭症的研究产生了不一致的结果,通常归因于混因素.
- 调查空气污染等环境暴露对理解ASD病因至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估暴露于特定空气污染物和自闭症风险之间的关联.
- 为了尽量减少混变量,使用基于家庭的病例控制设计.
- 在怀孕期间识别潜在的ASD风险的关键暴露窗口.
主要方法:
- 一项基于家庭的病例控制研究在伊朗伊斯法罕进行.
- 确定了自闭症病例及其匹配的对照 (表亲).
- 通过反向距离加权方法,对每一个妊娠三个月的一氧化碳 (CO),二氧化 (NO2),臭氧 (O3),二氧化硫 (SO2) 和PM10的暴露量进行了估计.
主要成果:
- 在第二个三个月和整个怀孕期间的CO暴露与自闭症风险增加之间发现了显著的关联.
- 在第二,第三季度和整个怀孕期间增加的NO2暴露与患自闭症的可能性更高相关.
- 几率比率表明,随着更高的CO和NO2暴露水平,自闭症风险显著增加.
结论:
- 在怀孕期间,特别是第二和第三个三个月,更高的CO和NO2暴露与自闭症的风险增加有关.
- 这些发现表明,特定的空气污染物可能在导致自闭症的神经发育途径中发挥作用.
- 这项研究强调了在产前发育期间考虑空气质量的重要性.
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