成年人的曲之路:一个双胞胎研究
Kaili Rimfeld1, Margherita Malanchini1,2, Amy E Packer1
1Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience King's College London London UK.
JCPP advances
|July 11, 2023
概括
遗传和环境因素显著影响新兴的成年特征,影响心理健康,福祉和教育. 尽管环境影响,遗传学在塑造个人在这个生命阶段的差异方面发挥着重要作用.
科学领域:
- 行为遗传学 行为遗传学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 心理测量 心理测量 心理测量
背景情况:
- 新兴的成年期是一个关键的发展时期,以重大生活选择和过渡为特征.
- 了解遗传和环境因素的相互作用对于解释这个阶段心理特征的个体差异至关重要.
- 以前的研究已经探讨了新兴成年人的各种方面,但缺乏对广泛特征的遗传和环境影响的全面调查.
研究的目的:
- 系统地调查基因和环境对57个与新兴成年相关的心理特征的影响.
- 检查这些新兴的成年特征与心理健康,福祉,身体健康和教育成就等关键结果之间的关联.
- 确定遗传和环境因素在多大程度上解释了成年期新出现的特征和结果之间的观察到的相关性.
主要方法:
- 利用来自英国近5000对21-25岁双胞胎的双胞胎早期发育研究的数据.
- 评估了57个心理特征的指标,包括愿望,态度,关系,个性和特定于新兴成年人的行为.
- 包括不良心理健康,福祉,身体健康和教育成就的措施作为结果变量.
主要成果:
- 所有57个特征都表现出显著的遗传影响,平均遗传率为34% (SNP遗传率~10%).
- 不共享的环境影响解释了大部分差异 (平均59%).
- 新兴的成年特征与心理健康 (r=0.20),福祉 (r=0.16),身体健康 (r=0.12) 和教育 (r=0.06) 有关,共享的遗传学解释了这些相关性的约50%.
结论:
- 虽然非共同的环境因素是成年期特征出现的个体差异的主要驱动因素,但遗传影响仍然很大.
- 遗传倾向显著塑造了在新兴成年期经历的发展轨迹和结果.
- 成年期的环境不确定性并不能否定遗传因素对个体发展的深刻而持久的影响.
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