地中海饮食对健康和肠道微生物群的影响
Thomas M Barber1,2,3, Stefan Kabisch4,5, Andreas F H Pfeiffer4,5
1Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, Clifford Bridge Road, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK.
Nutrients
|July 11, 2023
概括
地中海饮食 (MD) 对肠道微生物群产生积极影响,增强有益细菌,减少有害细菌. 这些变化与改善的健康结果有关,包括降低疾病风险和更好的认知功能.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 预防医学 预防医学
背景情况:
- 地中海饮食 (MD) 是一种富含蔬菜,水果,谷物和橄油的植物性饮食模式.
- 证据将MD与改善寿命,降低代谢疾病,心血管疾病,恶性瘤和增强认知功能的风险联系在一起.
- MD通过其纤维和健康脂肪含量影响肠道微生物群的组成.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究地中海饮食和肠道微生物群修改之间的关系.
- 探索这些微生物群的变化如何为MD的整体健康益处做出贡献.
- 评估全球推广MD的可行性和挑战.
主要方法:
- 审查关于地中海饮食和肠道微生物群的现有科学文献.
- 分析详细介绍MD成分 (纤维,橄油,脂肪酸) 对微生物物种的影响的研究.
- 检查微生物群变化与健康标志物之间的关联.
主要成果:
- MD促进有益的肠道细菌的生长,包括短链脂肪酸生产者,如*Faecalibacterium prausnitzii*和生产酸盐的物种.
- 它还导致 *Bifidobacteria* 和 *Bacteroides* 的增加,同时减少某些 Firmicutes 和 *Blautia* 物种.
- 这些微生物转变与改善的炎症状态,氧化应激和代谢健康有关.
结论:
- 地中海饮食以有利的方式显著改变了肠道微生物群的组成.
- 这些微生物群变化是MD赋予其健康益处的关键机制.
- 建议更广泛地采用MD,尽管存在与可用性和文化融合有关的挑战.
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