短链脂肪酸在癌症发病过程中的作用
Mark A Feitelson1, Alla Arzumanyan2, Arvin Medhat3
1Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA. feitelso@temple.edu.
Cancer metastasis reviews
|July 11, 2023
概括
由肠道细菌产生的短链脂肪酸 (SCFA) 有助于保持健康. 恢复SCFA水平可以通过减少炎症和阻断瘤细胞生长来对抗癌症,提供一种潜在的新疗法策略.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 代谢学 代谢学 代谢学
背景情况:
- 癌症代表了远离恒温的转变,受到感染,突变,饮食和致癌物等因素的影响.
- 由肠道细菌产生的短链脂肪酸 (SCFA) 对于维持健康和平衡至关重要.
- 肠道失调症,标志着低的SCFA和漏肠,是许多癌症类型的危险因素.
研究的目的:
- 研究SCFA在癌症发病过程中的作用及其作为治疗剂的潜力.
- 阐明SCFA调节炎症和癌细胞增殖的机制.
- 将SCFA的疗效和安全性与其他基于微生物的干预措施 (如益生菌和便移植) 进行比较.
主要方法:
- 审查关于SCFA生产,肠道失调和癌症的现有文献.
- 分析SCFA的抗炎机制,包括NF-κB抑制和细胞因子调节.
- 检查SCFA对癌症相关基因和信号通路 (Wnt,刺,河马,Notch) 的表观遗传影响.
- 对SCFA对癌症干细胞增殖和瘤抑制基因表达的影响的评估 (PTEN,p53).
主要成果:
- 通过抑制促炎途径和促进抗炎细胞因子,SCFA减轻炎症.
- SCFA 具有表观遗传效应,影响基因和癌症发展关键的途径.
- SCFA 显示出对瘤细胞的选择性毒性,同时保留健康组织,并准多种癌症的标志.
- 发现SCFA阻断了癌症干细胞的扩散,可能防止癌症的发展或复发.
结论:
- 此外,SCFA在维持肠道平衡中发挥着重要作用,并具有抗癌性质.
- 通过恢复平衡,SCFA的使用可以提供一种安全有效的策略来延迟或预防各种瘤类型.
- 由于其向性毒性和调节关键癌症途径的能力,SCFA比益生菌和便移植具有优势.
相关概念视频
Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells
5.8K
Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
5.8K
Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance
5.0K
Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...
5.0K
Cancer Prevention
6.2K
Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
Some...
6.2K
Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell
12.1K
Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
12.1K
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression
3.8K
The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
The mTOR pathway or the...
3.8K
Tumor Progression
6.4K
Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
6.4K


