[运动员骨健康的营养因素]
A S Samoilov1, A V Zholinsky2, N V Rylova1
1Federal Medical Biophysical Center named after A.I. Burnazyan, 420012, Moscow, Russian Federation.
Voprosy pitaniia
|July 11, 2023
概括
最佳营养对于运动员来说至关重要,以保持骨健康,预防骨质疏松症和压力骨折. 摄入足够的,维生素D和其他必需营养素有助于骨矿物质密度 (BMD) 和恢复.
科学领域:
- 运动医学 运动医学
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 骨的新陈代谢 骨的新陈代谢
背景情况:
- 适当的营养对于运动员的骨健康,恢复和伤害预防至关重要.
- 均衡的宏观和微量营养素摄入对于适应强烈的体力活动至关重要.
- 某些体育运动和诸如女性性别,低能量摄入量和特定药物等因素会增加运动员患骨质疏松症的风险.
研究的目的:
- 审查有关影响运动员骨矿物质密度 (BMD) 的因素的文献.
- 概述预防和治疗运动员骨质疏松症的营养策略.
- 在运动群体中确定维持骨健康的关键营养素.
主要方法:
- 在2008-2022年期间使用谷歌学者和主要数据库 (PubMed,Scopus等) 进行文献搜索. ) 的情况.
- 关键词包括:"运动员"",骨质疏松症"",压力骨折"","和"维生素D".
- 综合有关影响运动员骨和骨健康的营养因素的数据.
主要成果:
- 运动员在有氧和美学运动有较高的低BMD和骨质疏松症的风险.
- 和维生素D对于骨健康至关重要,与足够的碳水化合物,蛋白质和多不和脂肪酸一起.
- 其他营养素,如,,和维生素K,C,B12和叶酸可能会对骨健康产生积极影响,需要进一步研究.
结论:
- 运动员必须通过最佳营养来优先考虑骨健康.
- 保持适当的营养状况,包括必需的维生素和矿物质,是预防骨质疏松症和压力骨折的关键.
- 需要进一步的研究来阐明各种微量营养素对运动员骨代谢的具体机制.
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