猎犬复杂特征的多种起源和基因组基础
Wu-Lue Li1,2, Yan-Hu Liu1, Jin-Xiu Li1
1State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Yunnan Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Domestic Animals, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.
Molecular biology and evolution
|July 11, 2023
概括
猎犬起源于不同地区的独立地区,与狼有很大的混合,特别是在非洲品种. 基因组分析揭示了不同的积极选择基因 (PSG) 和与心血管功能相关的共享途径,为猎犬进化提供了洞察力.
科学领域:
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 动物遗传学动物遗传学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
背景情况:
- 猎犬是古老的人工选择形成的多样化犬种群.
- 了解它们的遗传起源和影响它们独特形态的因素至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查猎犬品种的独立起源和混合模式.
- 通过积极选择在不同地理群体的猎犬中识别基因和基因组区域.
- 阐明猎犬表型的遗传基础,特别是与心血管功能相关的表型.
主要方法:
- 来自非洲,欧洲,俄罗斯和中东的123只猎犬的基因组测序.
- 种群基因组分析包括公共基因组数据和古代狼基因组.
- 全基因组扫描以识别积极选择基因 (PSG) 和基因流.
- 特定基因突变 (ESR1,JAK2) 的识别和功能验证.
主要成果:
- 种群基因组学支持多个独立的起源和猎犬品种之间广泛的混合.
- 发现了古老狼基因组的大量混合物,特别是在非洲猎犬中.
- 在非洲,欧洲和中东的猎犬中发现了不同的PSG组,其中富含离子调节通路.
- 发现ESR1和JAK2的特定突变降低了基因表达,影响了转录因子的结合.
结论:
- 猎犬表现出复杂的起源,有独立养事件的证据和古代狼的显著基因流动.
- 积极选择的基因,特别是那些参与调节和心血管功能的基因,尽管具有不同的遗传特征,但它们有助于共享猎犬表型.
- 在ESR1和JAK2中发现的突变为人们更深入地了解了猎犬进化的基因组基础.
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