在哥斯达黎加的国内废水和河水中检测SARS-CoV-2的挑战
Kenia Barrantes1, Luz Chacón-Jiménez1, Luis Rivera-Montero1
1Health Research Institute, University of Costa Rica, P.O. Box: 11501-2060, San José, Costa Rica.
The Science of the total environment
|July 11, 2023
概括
一种新方法在哥斯达黎加的废水中成功检测到SARS-CoV-2,提高了2022年检测率. 这种基于废水的流行病学方法为中低收入国家提供了宝贵的公共卫生见解.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 基于废水的流行病学 (WBE) 对于监测传染病至关重要.
- 发展中国家在实施SARS-CoV-2监测的WBE方面面临挑战.
研究的目的:
- 开发和优化哥斯达黎加废水中的SARS-CoV-2检测方法.
- 评估WBE在低中等收入国家中的可行性.
主要方法:
- 收集了三年 (2020-2022) 的废水和河水样本.
- 分析了病毒度和RNA提取的三个协议,包括PEG沉和吸附-疏散.
- 使用牛冠状病毒 (BCoV) 和胡轻型斑点病毒作为过程控制.
主要成果:
- 在经过方法优化后,在2022年收集的废水样本中检测到SARS-CoV-2RNA.
- 病毒恢复率在协议之间有显著差异,同日PEG沉显示出最高的恢复率.
- 废水中SARS-CoV-2水平的下降与国家COVID-19流行率的下降相关.
结论:
- 优化的WBE方法可以在中等收入国家的废水中检测SARS-CoV-2.
- 方法选择显著影响病毒RNA恢复和检测.
- 尽管在资源有限的环境中存在后勤挑战,但WBE是公共卫生监测的宝贵工具.
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