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从粘膜感染到成功的癌症免疫治疗

Anne-Gaëlle Goubet^1,2,3,4, Mathieu Rouanne^1,2,5, Lisa Derosa^1,2,6

¹Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.

Nature reviews. Urology

|July 11, 2023

概括

免疫检查点阻断剂 (ICBs) 彻底改变了尿路癌症的治疗方法. 肠道和尿道细菌可能会提高ICB的有效性,提供新的治疗策略.

科学领域:

在瘤学瘤学.
免疫学免疫学免疫学
微生物学微生物学

背景情况:

晚期泌尿道癌症越来越多地使用免疫检查点阻断剂 (ICB) 来治疗.
具有高突变负担和T细胞透的免疫性瘤对免疫疗法反应更好.
微生物群落在癌症治疗反应中的作用是一个新兴的研究领域.

研究的目的:

探索共生细菌对免疫检查点阻断剂在尿路癌症中的疗效的影响.
识别潜在的微生物目标,以增强抗癌免疫反应.
调查肠道和尿道微生物群与患者结局之间的联系.

主要方法:

对ICBs,瘤免疫学和尿路癌症中的微生物组的当前文献的综述.
对研究细菌感染和共生病对癌症免疫监测的影响的分析.
在微生物相互作用的背景下探索T细胞反应,B细胞活动和淋巴状结构.

主要成果:

尿路和肠道共生物,包括BCG和尿病原性大肠杆菌,似乎影响了对ICBs的长期反应.
在健康和受瘤影响的尿道之间存在着开始性菌群的差异.
抗生素可以影响尿路恶性瘤的预后,突出显示细菌的作用.

结论:

交叉体细菌在癌症免疫监测和对免疫治疗的反应中发挥着重要作用.
对泌尿病原体初生的免疫反应可以被利用来开发新的免疫辅助剂.
将针对微生物组的策略与ICB结合起来,可能为尿路癌症提供更好的治疗结果.

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