使用深度神经网络校准和验证结肠直肠癌和腺瘤发病率和死亡率 (CRC-AIM) 微仿真模型
Vahab Vahdat1, Oguzhan Alagoz2, Jing Voon Chen1
1Health Economics and Outcome Research, Exact Sciences Corporation, Madison, WI, USA.
概括
机器学习模拟器,特别是深度神经网络 (DNN),显著加快复杂的微模拟模型的校准,如结肠直肠癌腺瘤发病率和死亡率 (CRC-AIM) 模型. 这种方法大大减少了计算时间,使得有效的模型验证和分析.
科学领域:
- 计算生物学是一种计算生物学.
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 机器学习 机器学习
背景情况:
- 复杂的微模拟模型的校准是计算密集的,涉及寻找无法观察到的参数以适应观察到的数据.
- 基于机器学习 (ML) 的仿真器在提高校准效率方面表现有前途,但它们在复杂的微观模拟模型中的性能仍在调查中.
研究的目的:
- 评估基于ML的模拟器,特别是深度神经网络 (DNN) 在校准结直肠癌腺瘤发病率和死亡率 (CRC-AIM) 显微模拟模型中的有效性.
- 评估与复杂模型校准的传统方法相比,ML模拟器的计算负担降低和预测准确度.
主要方法:
- 该研究使用了基于ML的模拟器,特别是DNN,以校准CRC-AIM模型,该模型具有23个未知的自然历史参数,用于复制美国结直肠癌流行病学.
- 创建了15,000个输入组合的数据集,用于训练和比较各种ML算法 (DNN,随机森林,梯度增强变体).
- 经过训练的DNN被用来评估1000万种潜在的输入组合,随后与CISNET模型进行交叉验证,并使用UKFSST试验进行外部验证.
主要成果:
- DNN表现出卓越的性能,准确地预测了各种输入组合的所有8个结果,并且显著优于其他ML算法.
- DNN将1000万个输入的预测时间缩短到473秒,这项任务需要190个CPU年,从而节省了大量的计算成本.
- 校准的CRC-AIM模型与CISNET模型实现了跨模型有效性,并通过UKFSST试验实现了外部有效性,证实了其准确性和可靠性.
结论:
- 精心选择和训练的DNN模拟器可以大大降低与校准复杂的微观模拟模型相关的计算需求.
- 开发的ML方法提供了一种有效和准确的方法,可以加速微模拟模型校准,促进可靠的验证和分析.
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