基于学校的社会情感学习计划,以预防青少年的抑郁,焦虑和自杀:全球成本效益分析
Y Y Lee1,2,3, S Skeen4,5, G J Melendez-Torres6
1Monash University Health Economics Group, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences
|July 12, 2023
概括
基于学校的普遍社会情感学习 (SEL) 计划为人口提供了显著的健康收益和成本效益,特别是在低收入国家. 指示的SEL计划,虽然总体影响较小,但可以解决高风险青少年群体的健康不平等问题.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 心理健康干预 心理健康干预
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
背景情况:
- 青少年的心理健康问题,如抑郁,焦虑和自杀,给长期的健康带来了重大挑战.
- 基于学校的计划为早期干预和预防提供了一个可扩展的平台.
- 社会情感学习 (SEL) 是促进性和福祉的关键组成部分.
研究的目的:
- 确定实施普遍和指定的基于学校的SEL计划对人口水平的成本和健康影响.
- 为了比较这些计划在不同国家收入水平的成本效益.
- 为有关青少年心理健康预防策略的政策决策提供信息.
主要方法:
- 使用马尔科夫模型来模拟SEL干预的长期影响.
- 在100年的时间范围内,健康影响被量化为获得的健康寿命年 (HLYGs).
- 从卫生系统的角度计算成本,用2017年国际美元 (I$) 来计算,成本效益表达为每HLYG的I$.
主要成果:
- 通用SEL计划表现出卓越的成本效益,每百万人口产生高达100个HLYG,成本低于I $ 2,006每HLYG.
- 表示的SEL计划产生了更少的HLYG (每百万分之一),但也具有成本效益,成本从I $ 11,123到I $ 18,473每HLYG.
- 实施成本较低,每年人均从I$0.05到I$0.16不等.
结论:
- 全民SEL计划是改善青少年心理健康的高成本有效策略.
- 指示的SEL计划,虽然总体上成本效益较低,但通过针对处于风险的年轻人,可以在减少健康不平等方面发挥关键作用.
- 对SEL计划的低投资产生了巨大的健康益处,突出了它们在不同国家环境中的金钱价值.
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