听力损失与临床结果之间的关联:基于人口的队列研究
Marcello Tonelli1, Natasha Wiebe2, Meg Lunney1
1Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
EClinicalMedicine
|July 12, 2023
概括
听力损失 (HL) 显著增加了许多不良健康结果的风险,包括跌倒,住院和痴呆. 这凸显了HL对人口健康的巨大负担,以及需要更好的护理策略.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 老年学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 听力损失 (HL) 是全球主要的残疾,但其全面的临床影响和人口负担仍未得到充分研究.
- 现有的研究还没有完全捕捉到与听力障碍相关的广泛健康后果.
研究的目的:
- 在大量成年人群中调查听力损失与综合性临床结果之间的关联.
- 量化与听力损失相关的特定不良结果的人口负担.
主要方法:
- 一项以人口为基础的回顾性队列研究,涉及加拿大阿尔伯塔省 (2004-2019) 超过470万名成年人.
- 利用行政健康数据来识别有听力损失 (HL) 的个人,并跟踪并发症和临床结果.
- 使用生存率和基于率的统计模型来比较具有和没有HL的患者之间的结果,调整混因子.
主要成果:
- 听力损失 (HL) 个体表现出更高的基线并发症患病率.
- HL与住院,跌倒,不良药物事件和急诊次数显著增加有关.
- 调整后的分析显示,在HL患者中,死亡,心肌梗塞,中风/暂时性缺血性发作,抑郁,心力衰竭,痴呆,压力和长期护理 (LTC) 的风险更高.
结论:
- 听力损失很普遍,经常与多种并发症同时发生,显著增加各种不良临床结果的风险.
- 相当一部分不良事件,如痴呆症和中风是由于听力损失,强调其可预防的健康负担.
- 增加投资和协调护理策略至关重要,以减轻听力损失对人口健康的影响.
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