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母亲全细胞或非细胞性百日咳初级免疫接种对新生儿免疫反应的影响
Pablo Martin Aispuro1, Daniela Bottero1, María Eugenia Zurita1
1Laboratorio VacSal, Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET, La Plata, Argentina.
Frontiers in immunology
|July 12, 2023
概括
在怀孕期间用全细胞百日咳疫苗 (wP) 进行母体免疫接种,然后在怀孕期间接种非细胞性百日咳疫苗 (aP),与aP-only初始接种相比,为婴儿提供更持久的抗百日咳保护.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 微生物学 微生物学
背景情况:
- 百日咳仍然是一个全球公共卫生问题,需要有效的免疫策略.
- 孕产妇免疫计划旨在保护婴儿在脆弱的头几个月.
- 选择全细胞百日咳疫苗 (wP) 和非细胞百日咳疫苗 (aP) 在孕期和怀孕期间,对于最佳的疾病控制至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较不同的母性百日咳疫苗接种计划 (wP-wP-aPpreg与aP-aP-aPpreg) 对免疫反应和对 Bordetella pertussis 的后代保护的影响.
- 评估这些表所赋予的孕产妇免疫的持续时间.
- 调查母婴和新生儿疫苗接种之间的潜在干扰.
主要方法:
- 用两种母体疫苗接种方案免疫小鼠:wP-wP-aPpreg和aP-aP-aPpreg.
- 在母亲和后代中测量了免疫反应 (PTx特定的IgG).
- 评估了对B. pertussis挑战的后代保护.
- 分析了与母亲aPpreg疫苗接种相对的出生时间.
主要成果:
- 这两种方案都在母亲中诱导了咳毒素 (PTx) 特定的IgG,在wP-wP-aPpreg组的持续水平,但在22周后在aP-aP-aPpreg组的下降.
- wP-wP-aPpreg方案诱导了一种混合的Th1/Th2免疫反应,而aP-aP-aPpreg诱导了一种主要的Th2反应.
- 在wP-wP-aPpreg计划下,后代的保护持续时间更长,在母体接种疫苗后的22周内保持高IgG水平,而aP-aP-aPpreg保护在18周后减弱.
- 在aP-aP-aPpreg后代的新生儿接种疫苗可能会干扰母亲的免疫力,增加对B. pertussis感染的易感性.
结论:
- 在怀孕期间,全细胞百日咳疫苗 (wP) 接种,然后接种非细胞性百日咳疫苗 (aP) 提供比非细胞性疫苗更持久的孕产妇免疫力和对子女的保护.
- wP-wP-aPpreg计划支持更强大和持续的免疫反应,这对于保护婴儿至关重要.
- 孕产妇和新生儿百日咳疫苗接种之间的潜在干扰需要进一步调查,特别是在非细胞性疫苗启动方面.
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