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相关概念视频

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming01:29

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming

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Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012...
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Introduction to Nuclear Reprogramming01:14

Introduction to Nuclear Reprogramming

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Nuclear reprogramming is the process of switching gene expression of one cell type to that of another cell type, usually from a differentiated cell state to an undifferentiated cell state. Differentiation occurs during processes such as development and morphogenesis, tissue regeneration, and malignancy. Cells can also be artificially induced to reprogram their gene expression by techniques such as nuclear transfer, induced pluripotency, and cell fusion. Such techniques have many applications in...
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Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming01:24

Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming

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Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for...
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Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells01:32

Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells

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Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
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Forced Transdifferentiation01:28

Forced Transdifferentiation

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Transdifferentiation, also known as lineage reprogramming, was first discovered by Selman and Kafatos in 1974 in silkmoths. They observed that the moths’ cuticle-producing cells transformed into salt-producing cells. Many such cases of natural transdifferentiation occur in organisms. In humans, pancreatic alpha cells can become beta cells. In newts, the loss of the eye’s lens causes the pigmented epithelial cells to transdifferentiate into the lens cells.
Artificial...
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Overview of DNA Repair02:25

Overview of DNA Repair

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In order to be passed through generations, genomic DNA must be undamaged and error-free. However, every day, DNA in a cell undergoes several thousand to a million damaging events by natural causes and external factors. Ionizing radiation such as UV rays, free radicals produced during cellular respiration, and hydrolytic damage from metabolic reactions can alter the structure of DNA. Damages caused include single-base alteration, base dimerization, chain breaks, and cross-linkage.
Chemically...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jul 23, 2025

Evaluation of Injury-induced Senescence and In Vivo Reprogramming in the Skeletal Muscle
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Evaluation of Injury-induced Senescence and In Vivo Reprogramming in the Skeletal Muscle

Published on: October 26, 2017

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通过化学诱导的重编程来逆转细胞衰老.

Jae-Hyun Yang1, Christopher A Petty1, Thomas Dixon-McDougall1

  • 1Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research, Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School (HMS), Boston, MA 02115, USA.

Aging
|July 12, 2023
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

科学家们发现了化学尾酒,可以逆转人类细胞中的细胞衰老. 这些化合物在不改变基因组的情况下恢复年轻的基因表达和细胞功能,为复苏疗法提供了一条新的途径.

关键词:
表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.老龄化的信息理论.复春药是一种复春药.重编程是重新编程.小分子的小分子.

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Induction and Validation of Cellular Senescence in Primary Human Cells
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A Two-Step Strategy that Combines Epigenetic Modification and Biomechanical Cues to Generate Mammalian Pluripotent Cells

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相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jul 23, 2025

Evaluation of Injury-induced Senescence and In Vivo Reprogramming in the Skeletal Muscle
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Evaluation of Injury-induced Senescence and In Vivo Reprogramming in the Skeletal Muscle

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Induction and Validation of Cellular Senescence in Primary Human Cells
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Induction and Validation of Cellular Senescence in Primary Human Cells

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A Two-Step Strategy that Combines Epigenetic Modification and Biomechanical Cues to Generate Mammalian Pluripotent Cells
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科学领域:

  • 表观遗传学和衰老研究.
  • 细胞复苏和再生医学是细胞复苏和再生医学.

背景情况:

  • 细胞衰老的特点是表观遗传信息丢失,这是一个可逆的过程.
  • 以前的研究表明,Yamanaka因子 (OCT4,SOX2,KLF4) 可以在没有删除细胞身份的情况下逆转哺乳动物的表观遗传衰老.
  • 这一过程需要活性DNA脱甲基化.

研究的目的:

  • 开发高通量测试,用于选逆转人类细胞细胞衰老的分子.
  • 识别能够在没有基因组改变的情况下使细胞再生的化学化合物.
  • 研究实现衰老逆转和细胞再生的化学手段.

主要方法:

  • 开发高通量基于细胞的测定,包括基于转录的衰老钟和实时核细胞质区分 (NCC) 测定.
  • 利用这些测试来选可以区分和逆转人类细胞中衰老和衰老标志物的分子.
  • 评估已识别的化学尾酒对全基因组转录档案和细胞身份的影响.

主要成果:

  • 鉴定了六种有效逆转细胞衰老标记的化学尾酒.
  • 证明这些尾酒在一周内恢复了年轻的全基因组转录档案.
  • 确认细胞身份在复原过程中被保留.
  • 在接受治疗的人类细胞中逆转转录组年龄.

结论:

  • 细胞衰老和复苏可以通过化学干预来实现,而不仅仅是基因手段.
  • 已识别的化学尾酒为治疗衰老逆转提供了一个有希望的途径.
  • 这项研究验证了用于恢复年轻细胞功能和表观遗传模式的化学方法.