在自闭症中抑制前性反应:不是一种抑制性缺陷吗?
Carolien Torenvliet1, Annabeth P Groenman2, Anne G Lever1
1Dutch Autism & ADHD Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
概括
自闭症成年人和非自闭症成年人在成年期表现出类似的响应抑制和适应. 当控制反应时间时,抑制错误的微小差异出现,这表明认知控制的微妙变化.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 关于自闭症成年人的响应抑制存在不一致的发现.
- 自闭症通常与ADHD同时发生,影响抑制和适应.
- 认知衰老对自闭症成年人抑制的影响尚未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 研究自闭症成年人的抑制性表现和任务策略.
- 探索ADHD症状在自闭症成年人抑制控制中的作用.
- 评估认知衰老对整个生命周期的抑制和适应的影响.
主要方法:
- 在Go-NoGo任务中比较了105名自闭症成年人和139名非自闭症成年人 (20-80岁).
- 分析了委托错误,错误后减速 (适应) 和ADHD症状影响.
- 检查了任务策略和抑制行为的与年龄相关的变化.
主要成果:
- 在佣金错误或调整方面没有发现任何显著的团体差异.
- 自闭症个体在控制反应时间 (适度效应) 后,比非自闭症个体做出更多的抑制错误.
- 仅在非自闭症个体中与抑制相关的适应;仅在自闭症个体中与响应变化相关的ADHD症状.
结论:
- 自闭症和非自闭症成年人在成年期表现出类似的抑制行为模式.
- 在抑制控制中可能存在微妙的差异,特别是在反应时间方面.
- 任务策略和时间对于理解神经发育条件下的认知衰老至关重要.
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