在大学生多个地点样本中,ADHD,时间型和昼夜偏好
Stephen P Becker1,2, Aaron M Luebbe3, Michael J Kofler4
1Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
Journal of sleep research
|July 12, 2023
概括
患有注意力缺陷/多动症障碍 (ADHD) 的大学生更有可能成为晚间类型. 不注意的ADHD症状与晚期的昼夜偏好和抑郁症状的联系更强烈.
科学领域:
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 睡眠医学 睡眠医学
- 时间生物学 时间生物学
背景情况:
- 在大学生中,注意力缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 和晚间时间类型普遍存在.
- 关于ADHD和昼夜功能之间的联系的现有研究产生了混合的结果,通常受到小样本大小的限制.
- 研究还没有充分探讨不同ADHD表现的时刻型变异.
研究的目的:
- 在大量大学生样本中调查ADHD表现和时间型之间的关联.
- 检查ADHD症状尺寸 (无意识与过度活跃-冲动) 和昼夜偏好之间的关系.
- 探索晚间偏好如何影响ADHD与抑郁和焦虑症状的并发症.
主要方法:
- 调查了4751名大学生 (18-29岁) 使用ADHD,抑郁症和焦虑症症状措施.
- 使用早晨晚上问卷 (分类和维度) 评估时间型.
- 分析数据以比较ADHD表现的时型率,并将症状尺寸与昼夜偏好相关联.
主要成果:
- 与对照人群相比,患有多动症主要是注意力不集中或综合表现的学生报告了较高的晚间时间型.
- 主要注意力不集中的ADHD呈现与晚间类型的可能性比过度活跃-冲动呈现更大.
- 不注意的ADHD症状与晚上偏好有更强的关联,而不是过度活跃-冲动症状.
- 更多的晚上偏好放大了ADHD注意力缺失和抑郁症状之间的联系,但不是焦虑症状.
结论:
- 这项大规模的研究证实,患有多动症的大学生更容易出现晚间时间型.
- 不注意的ADHD症状与晚期的昼夜偏好有显著联系.
- 晚间的昼夜偏好可能会加剧ADHD注意力缺失和大学生抑郁症之间的关系.
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