基于 (Macaca) 骨形态变异的基因内分类学区分
Brittany Kenyon-Flatt1,2,3,4, Noreen von Cramon-Taubadel4
1School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)
|July 13, 2023
概括
物种可以通过骨形态学来区分,四肢骨,特别是上肢,对于分类学评估来说,比以前想象的更具信息性.
科学领域:
- 灵长类动物学 灵长类动物学
- 比较解剖学的比较解剖学
- 生物信息学是一种生物信息学.
背景情况:
- 分类学分类对于理解生物多样性至关重要.
- 目前的物种评估通常依赖于牙形态学,忽视了完整的骨架.
- 的基因内形态变异仍未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定从骨形态变异中是否可以准确预测的分类.
- 为了评估脑后骨是否与类分类学上的头骨骨一样有信息.
- 调查行为,生态地理学和植物学对骨形态学的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用8种的头骨和头骨后骨的3D扫描.
- 应用固定解剖学和半地标志到八个骨元素.
- 使用回归分析来解释性二态.
- 用于分类学分类的组间主要成分分析和区分函数分析.
主要成果:
- 物种可以从形态上区分出来.
- 骨和后骨元素都含有分类学信号.
- 肢骨,特别是上肢,在分类学评估中具有显著的实用性.
- 形态变异受行为,生态地理和遗传学因素的影响.
结论:
- 骨形态,包括后元素,是的分类学分类的一个有价值的工具.
- 肢骨分析为物种差异化提供了新的见解.
- 了解骨变异有助于理解的进化和生态.
相关概念视频
01:18Classification of Bones
5.7K
The bones of the human skeletal system are of varied shapes, sizes, and functions. They can be classified based on their shape and function into four major classes: long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones. Some classifications include a fifth type, the sesamoid bones, as a separate class, whereas others categorize them under short bones.
Long and Short Bones
The appendicular skeleton, particularly the upper and lower limbs, is primarily made of long and short bones. The...
Long and Short Bones
The appendicular skeleton, particularly the upper and lower limbs, is primarily made of long and short bones. The...
5.7K
02:54Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons
5.8K
Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
5.8K
02:31Synteny and Evolution
3.3K
John H. Renwick first coined the term “synteny” in 1971, which refers to the genes present on the same chromosomes, even if they are not genetically linked. The species with common ancestry tend to show conserved syntenic regions. Therefore, the concept of synteny is nowadays used to describe the evolutionary relationship between species.
Around 80 million years ago, the human and mice lineages diverged from the common ancestor. During the course of evolution, the ancestral...
Around 80 million years ago, the human and mice lineages diverged from the common ancestor. During the course of evolution, the ancestral...
3.3K
01:23Phylogeny
44.6K
Phylogeny is concerned with the evolutionary diversification of organisms or groups of organisms. A group of organisms with a name is called a taxon (singular). Taxa (plural) can span different levels of the evolutionary hierarchy. For instance, the group containing all birds is a taxon (comprising the class Aves), and the group of all species of daisies (the genus Bellis) is a taxon. Phylogenies can likewise include just one genus (i.e., depict species relationships) or span an entire kingdom.
44.6K
01:13Microscopic Anatomy of Skeletal Muscles
13.7K
Skeletal muscle cells, also called muscle fibers, are distinctly elongated, multi-nucleated, slender biological units. They are packed with specialized structures designed to facilitate their primary function, which is contraction.
The muscle sarcolemma is a plasma membrane enclosing each muscle cell that conducts electrical signals called action potentials. The sarcolemma extends into the cell to form T-tubules, ensuring the neural impulses are uniformly distributed across the entire muscle...
The muscle sarcolemma is a plasma membrane enclosing each muscle cell that conducts electrical signals called action potentials. The sarcolemma extends into the cell to form T-tubules, ensuring the neural impulses are uniformly distributed across the entire muscle...
13.7K
01:14Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View
2.4K
The superior view of the cranium shows the frontal and paired parietal bones.
The frontal bone is the single bone that forms the forehead. At its anterior midline, between the eyebrows, there is a slight depression called the glabella. The frontal bone also forms the supraorbital margin of the orbit. Near the middle of this margin is the supraorbital foramen, the opening that provides passage for a sensory nerve to the forehead. The frontal bone is thickened just above each supraorbital margin,...
The frontal bone is the single bone that forms the forehead. At its anterior midline, between the eyebrows, there is a slight depression called the glabella. The frontal bone also forms the supraorbital margin of the orbit. Near the middle of this margin is the supraorbital foramen, the opening that provides passage for a sensory nerve to the forehead. The frontal bone is thickened just above each supraorbital margin,...
2.4K