听觉语言和书面语言都引起了相同的过程:从缺失语音效应中得到的进一步证据
Émilie Laplante1, Valérie Geraghty1, Emalie Hendel1
1Ecole de Psychologie, Universite de Moncton.
概括
读者更常错过普通单词中的字母,类似于听者错过语音中的声音. 这项研究表明,阅读和倾听共享认知过程,受单词频率和类型的影响.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 心理语言学 心理语言学
- 听觉和视觉处理
背景情况:
- 缺失字母效应表明,常见的函数词对阅读理解有挑战.
- 在听觉处理中存在一个平行的缺失音项效应.
- 这两种影响都可能源于共同的认知机制.
研究的目的:
- 调查缺失字母和缺失语音效应是否来自相同的认知过程.
- 孤立单词频率和单词功能对这些影响的影响.
- 为了测试注意力失调模型.
主要方法:
- 三项实验比较了阅读和倾听任务.
- 任务包括在文本中检测目标字母或语音.
- 程序包括纸和笔,连续叙述和快速串行视觉/听觉呈现以控制预处理.
- 词的频率和词的功能系统地变化.
主要成果:
- 在阅读和听力任务中观察到并行发现.
- 在所有实验中,Word函数显著影响了目标检测.
- 在实验1和3中,单词频率影响了检测.
- 结果支持这些效应的共享认知基础.
结论:
- 阅读和听觉处理共享潜在的认知机制.
- 词的功能和频率在理解过程中的注意力处理中起着至关重要的作用.
- 注意力失调模型为理解这些效应提供了一个框架.
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