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客观测量美国老年人视力障碍和痴呆症的患病率
Olivia J Killeen1, Yunshu Zhou1, Joshua R Ehrlich1,2
1Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
JAMA ophthalmology
|July 13, 2023
概括
客观视力障碍 (VI) 与美国老年人痴呆症患病率增加有关. 优先考虑视力健康可能有助于维持认知功能,因为大多数VI是可以预防的.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
- 神经学 神经学
背景情况:
- 美国现有的视力障碍 (VI) 和痴呆症相关估计依赖于过时的数据.
- 老年人面临VI和痴呆症的高风险,需要进行当前的国家估计.
- 客观评估对于准确的VI和痴呆症流行数据至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 确定客观测量的VI和老年美国成年人的痴呆症之间的关联.
- 通过客观的视觉和认知功能测试,提供最新的国家患病率估计.
主要方法:
- 2021年国家健康和衰老趋势研究 (NHATS) 的二次分析.
- 包括3,817名年龄在71岁及以上的参与者,使用基于平板电脑的视觉敏度和对比度敏感性 (CS) 测试.
- 痴呆症是由认知领域得分,AD8痴呆症查面试或被诊断为痴呆症来定义的;Poisson回归分析了流行率.
主要成果:
- 痴呆症的患病率总体为12.3%.
- 接近VI (21.5%),距离VI (轻度19.1%;中度/重度/失明32.9%) 和CS损伤 (25.9%) 的痴呆症患病率较高.
- 接近VI,CS损伤,中度至严重的距离VI或失明与更高的痴呆症患病率有显著的关联.
结论:
- 所有类型的客观测量的VI都与老年人痴呆症患病率的增加有关.
- 可预防的视力障碍突出了视力健康对认知功能优化的重要性.
- 研究结果强调了对老年人群的综合视觉和认知健康战略的需要.
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