蜜蜂 (Apis mellifera) 修改了植物-授粉者网络结构,但没有改变野生物种的相互作用
Sydney H Worthy1, John H Acorn1, Carol M Frost1
1Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
PloS one
|July 13, 2023
概括
蜜蜂 (Apis mellifera) 没有改变野生授粉者寻食物的模式,尽管人们担心花资源的竞争. 引入的蜜蜂改变了整体植物-授粉者网络结构,但没有改变野生授粉者相互作用.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 授粉生物学 授粉生物学
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
背景情况:
- 蜜蜂 (Apis mellifera) 越来越多地被用于授粉,这引发了人们对与野生授粉者竞争花资源的担忧.
- 竞争可能最初表现为改变了植物与授粉者相互作用,然后影响野生授粉者丰富或多样性.
- 植物与授粉者相互作用网络是衡量资源使用重叠和潜在竞争影响的关键工具.
研究的目的:
- 通过实验来确定引入的蜜蜂是否会改变野生授粉者与植物的相互作用.
- 要区分蜜蜂添加自己的相互作用与改变网络内的现有的野生授粉者相互作用之间的区别.
- 评估蜜蜂引入对植物-授粉者网络结构和野生授粉者食模式的影响.
主要方法:
- 蜜蜂在加拿大草原生态系统中的实验引入.
- 测量植物与授粉者相互作用的不同距离,从引入的蜜蜂蜂.
- 构建和分析植物-授粉者相互作用网络,区分总网络和仅包括野生授粉者在内的网络.
主要成果:
- 蜜蜂增加了授粉者和植物的功能互补性,并降低了整体网络中的相互作用均性.
- 仅从野生授粉者相互作用中构建的网络在增加蜜蜂丰富度的测量指标中没有显著变化.
- 在整个网络结构中观察到的所有变化都归因于蜜蜂与植物的相互作用,而不是野生授粉者行为的改变.
结论:
- 蜜蜂没有改变研究的加拿大草原系统中的野生授粉者食模式.
- 在植物-授粉者网络中观察到的结构变化是由于蜜蜂相互作用的增加,而不是野生授粉者相互作用的取代或修改.
- 结果表明,在这种系统中,蜜蜂可能不会通过直接相互作用的变化,甚至在更干燥的条件下,显著地破坏野生授粉者群体.
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