放牧改变了高山草地生物多样性和生态系统多功能性之间的关系
Minxia Liu1, Fengling Yin1, Yindi Xiao1
1College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
The Science of the total environment
|July 13, 2023
概括
放牧强度减少了生物多样性和生态系统多功能性 (EMF). 植物和土壤的多样性对EMF有积极的影响,但这种关系随着放牧压力而变化,凸显了需要保护策略的需要.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 生物多样性研究 生物多样性研究
背景情况:
- 生物多样性和生态系统多功能性 (EMF) 之间的关系受到像放牧这样的环境干扰的影响.
- 了解植物和土壤的生物多样性如何在放牧压力下调解EMF至关重要,但仍然在很大程度上未知.
研究的目的:
- 调查绵羊放牧强度对植物和土壤生物多样性以及高山草原的EMF的影响.
- 为了确定不同生物多样性指标 (物种丰富,功能丰富,基因多样性) 和在不同放牧强度下EMF之间的相关性.
主要方法:
- 一个为期8年的实验操纵羊在阿尔卑斯山草原的放牧强度.
- 测量植物物种丰富性,功能丰富性 (FRic),植物遗传多样性 (PD) 和土壤生物多样性 (细菌,真菌,纤毛动物).
- 计算和分析多种生态系统功能及其与生物多样性指标和放牧强度的相关性.
主要成果:
- 放牧强度的增加导致生物多样性和EMF的显著减少.
- 电磁场与物种丰富,功能多样性和土壤细菌多样性有积极的相关性.
- 植物和土壤生物多样性对EMF的影响因放牧强度值而异.
结论:
- 高放牧强度直接影响土壤特性,并通过改变植物和土壤生物多样性间接影响EMF.
- 在放牧干扰下生物多样性的丧失对生态系统的多功能性产生了严重的影响.
- 生物多样性保护战略对于减轻土地利用实践 (如放牧) 的负面影响至关重要.
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