塑基因组进化两种殖民地形成的地藻 (Ochrosphaera neapolitana) 菌株 (Coccolithales,Haptophyta) 的发生
Ji-San Ha1, Duckhyun Lhee1, Robert A Andersen2
1Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
International journal of molecular sciences
|July 14, 2023
概括
这项研究详细介绍了来自 *Ochrosphaera neapolitana * 的最大的 haptophyte 塑基因组,揭示了这些重要的海洋藻类中独特的遗传特征和底环境的潜在适应性.
科学领域:
- 海洋生物学 海洋生物学
- 物理学的生理学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 科利托体是产生碳酸可体的关键 haptophytes,对于海洋碳封存至关重要.
- 现有的哈托菲特塑基因组数据有限,仅有来自Isochrysidales序列的两个基因组可用.
- 了解藻类基因组学对于理解它们的生态作用至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 报告和描述两个 *Ochrosphaera neapolitana* 菌株 (Coccolithales) 的完整塑基因组.
- 为了将这些基因组与其他已知的 haptophyte 塑基因组进行比较.
- 为了调查可可利多基因组内的潜在进化适应.
主要方法:
- 全基因组测序和组合两个 *Ochrosphaera neapolitana* 菌株.
- 对新测序的基因组进行比较基因组分析.
- 基因的识别和注释,包括那些参与生物合成的基因.
主要成果:
- *O. neapolitana*的塑基因组是报告中最大的单细胞基因组 (116,906bp和113,686bp),主要是由于扩大了基因间区域.
- 两种基因组都表现出标准的四部分结构,共享110个核心基因,6个rRNA和29个tRNA,具有特定菌株的变异.
- 存在光独立的原基因氧降解酶基因 (*chlB*, *chlN*, *chlL*) 表明适应地息地.
结论:
- * O. neapolitana * 塑基因组代表了细胞细胞体内的大小和遗传内容的显著扩张.
- 比较基因组学突出了科利托的独特特征和潜在的进化途径.
- 鉴定到的基因表明可能适应低光底环境,影响其生态利基.
相关概念视频
02:16Comparing Mitochondrial, Chloroplast, and Prokaryotic Genomes
12.6K
The present-day mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes have retained some of the characteristics of their ancestral prokaryotes and also have acquired new attributes during their evolution within eukaryotic cells. Like prokaryotic genomes, mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes neither bind with histone-like proteins nor show complex packaging into chromosome-like structures, as observed in eukaryotes. Unlike mitotic cell divisions observed in eukaryotic cells, mitochondria and chloroplasts...
12.6K
01:15Diversity of Protists I
38
Excavata is a diverse group of protists that includes both chemoorganotrophic and phototrophic species, with some thriving in anaerobic environments. Among the key groups within Excavata are diplomonads and parabasalids, which are flagellated protists that lack mitochondria and chloroplasts. These microorganisms typically inhabit anoxic environments, such as the intestines of animals, where they exist either symbiotically or as parasites, relying on fermentation for energy production. Some...
38
01:27Diversity of Protists III
51
Rhizaria are a diverse group of unicellular protists characterized by their threadlike cytoplasmic extensions known as pseudopodia. These structures aid in both locomotion and feeding, giving Rhizaria an amoeboid appearance. Their amoeboid morphology once led to taxonomic confusion, but molecular phylogenetics has clarified their evolutionary placement and emphasized their shared use of pseudopodia despite divergent lineages.This clade comprises diverse lineages such as Chlorarachniophyta,...
51
02:19Export of Mitochondrial and Chloroplast Genes
3.7K
A eukaryotic cell can have up to three different types of genetic systems: nuclear, mitochondrial, and chloroplast. During evolution, organelles have exported many genes to the nucleus; this transfer is still ongoing in some plant species. Approximately 18% of the Arabidopsis thaliana nuclear genome is thought to be derived from the chloroplast’s cyanobacterial ancestor, and around 75% of the yeast genome derived from the mitochondria’s bacterial ancestor. This export has occurred...
3.7K
01:27Diversity of Protists IV
40
Amoebozoa represent a diverse group of terrestrial and aquatic protists that utilize lobe-shaped pseudopodia for locomotion and feeding. This characteristic differentiates them from the Rhizaria, which possess threadlike pseudopodia. The primary classifications within Amoebozoa include gymnamoebas, entamoebas, and the plasmodial and cellular slime molds. Phylogenetic evidence indicates that Amoebozoa diverged from a lineage that ultimately gave rise to fungi and animals.Gymnamoebas and...
40
01:26Bacterial Phylum Planctomycetes
36
Planctomycetes are a group of morphologically distinct bacteria predominantly classified into two orders: Planctomycetales and Brocadiales. These gram-negative bacteria exhibit unique features, including division by budding and the presence of stalks or appendages. Their cells are often found in rosette arrangements, and they are notable for possessing an S-layer in their cell envelope, which is relatively uncommon among bacteria. Additionally, Planctomycetes frequently exhibit intracellular...
36