开发土壤水分含量与玉米早期生理学,生长和发育之间的功能关系
Ranadheer Reddy Vennam1, Purushothaman Ramamoorthy2, Sadikshya Poudel1
1Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA.
Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 14, 2023
概括
季初的干旱严重影响了玉米的生长,减少了叶面积和生物量. 一种混合物表现出更好的生理弹性,而另一种混合物在水压下改善了根部发育.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 植物生理学 植物生理学
- 干旱压力研究研究
背景情况:
- 干旱对全球农业构成重大威胁,影响所有生长阶段的作物产量.
- 幼苗的早期发育对整体植物健康和产量至关重要,但玉米对季节早期土壤水分缺陷的反应仍未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 研究玉米 (Zea mays L.) 在早期植被阶段 (V2-V7) 对不同土壤水分水平的形态生理和生物质特征反应.
- 确定玉米杂交品种早期季节干旱耐受性的关键特征.
主要方法:
- 在受控条件下种植了两种玉米杂交品种,使用了五种不同的土壤水分处理,范围从0.15到0.03 m3 m-3体积含水量 (VWC).
- 测量了形态 (叶面积,根与芽的比例) 和生理 (口腔导电,透气) 参数,以及生物质 (芽和根的干重量).
主要成果:
- 低于最佳的土壤湿度显著降低了植物生长,叶面积减少了高达72%,在严重压力下,干燥重量减少了74%.
- 在干旱条件下,口腔导电率和透气率大幅下降,这表明生理应激反应.
- 根与芽的比率在低VWC下增加,这表明生物质分配发生了转变. 混合物"P1316YHR"表现出更好的生理性能,而"A6659VT2RIB"显示出增强的根生长.
结论:
- 早期季节的土壤水分缺陷严重损害了玉米的生理和形态,影响了整体植物发育和产量潜力.
- 生物质分割是动态的,受干旱强度的影响,不同的杂交物表现出不同的适应策略.
- 结果为选择耐旱玉米品种和通过作物建模改进灌管理提供了洞察力.
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