硬小麦产量和产量组件的基因组学
Francesca Taranto1, Salvatore Esposito2, Pasquale De Vita2
1Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources (CNR-IBBR), 70126 Bari, Italy.
Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 14, 2023
概括
由于环境挑战,将 durum小麦产量分成组件不足以增加作物产量. 先进的基因组选择和测序技术为 durum小麦的育种提供了新的机会.
科学领域:
- 植物遗传学和育种.
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 硬小麦产量和产量成分的遗传基础已被广泛研究,使用链接映射和全基因组关联研究.
- 将产量分成组件的减少主义方法对于由于资源减少,土地损失和气候变化而导致的显著产量增加是不够的.
- 控制硬小麦的谷物产量仍然具有挑战性,部分原因在于其多体化水平.
研究的目的:
- 审查调节 durum小麦产量的遗传基础.
- 突出目前方法的局限性,并探索硬小麦育种的未来方向.
- 强调新技术在加强硬小麦遗传改进方面的潜力.
主要方法:
- 审查现有关于硬小麦产量的遗传研究的文献.
- 减少主义方法与整体基因组策略的有效性分析.
- 讨论下一代测序 (NGS) 和基因组编辑技术的影响.
主要成果:
- 减少主义的方法本身并不能保证 durum wheat 的产量大幅增加.
- 鉴定基因和染色体区域的产量正在进行中,但具有挑战性.
- 下一代测序 (NGS),改进的基因组组装,高通量基因型定型和基因组编辑正准备彻底改变 durum wheat 的繁殖.
结论:
- 未来的硬小麦育种计划必须整合先进的基因组工具.
- 基因组选择是优化等位基因组合以最大限度地发挥表型潜力的宝贵工具.
- 技术进步为捕获和利用基因变异提供了显著的机会,以获得改进的 durum小麦品种.
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