可生物降解的人造纤维在自然土壤和堆肥中的降解行为
Pia Borelbach1, Rodion Kopitzky1, Jörg Dahringer2
1Fraunhofer Institut für Umwelt-, Sicherheits- und Energietechnik UMSICHT, 46047 Oberhausen, Germany.
Polymers
|July 14, 2023
概括
可生物降解的聚合物纤维,如聚乳酸 (PLA) 和聚基酸 (PHA) 显示了有限的土壤降解. 然而,工业堆肥诱导了PHA和双组件纤维的显著降解,揭示了真菌活性.
科学领域:
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 聚合物科学 聚合物科学
- 环境科学 环境科学
背景情况:
- 可生物降解的聚合物纤维在开放环境应用中为天然纤维提供了可持续的替代品.
- 聚乳酸 (PLA),聚基酸 (PHA) 和双成分纤维 (BICO) 正成为有前途的可生物降解材料.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究PLA,PHA和BICO纤维的土壤和工业堆肥降解行为.
- 分析不同环境条件对纤维完整性和特性的影响.
主要方法:
- 纤维被储存在地表 (23°C12周) 和工业堆肥 (58°C4周) 中.
- 使用机械测试,扫描电子显微镜 (SEM),凝透色谱 (GPC),差分扫描热度计 (DSC) 和红外光谱 (IR) 来评估降解.
主要成果:
- 在土壤中,只有PHA纤维表现出轻微的降解 (裂,分子量减少). 在PLA和BICO纤维中,没有任何降解.
- 在工业堆肥中,所有纤维都降解,在BICO和PHA纤维中观察到显著的变化,包括PHA上可见的真菌菌.
- 在堆肥中,所有纤维类型的机械强度和分子量都下降了.
结论:
- 可生物降解的聚合物纤维的降解速度因环境条件而异.
- 与环境土壤条件相比,工业堆肥在降解这些纤维方面更有效.
- 基于PHA和双组分纤维具有生物降解的潜力,特别是在堆肥条件下,有微生物参与的证据.
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