PHAM-YOLO:一个并行混合注意力机制网络,用于子站计数器缺陷检测
Hao Dong1,2,3, Mu Yuan4, Shu Wang2
1Science Island Branch of Graduate School, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230031, China.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 14, 2023
概括
这项研究介绍了PHAM-YOLO,这是一个先进的AI模型,用于检测变电站表中的缺陷. 它显著提高了识别诸如模糊表盘和破损外等问题的准确性,确保了更安全的电力系统运行.
科学领域:
- 电气工程 电气工程
- 计算机视觉 计算机视觉
- 人工智能的人工智能
背景情况:
- 变电站组件缺陷对电力系统安全构成风险.
- 手动检查变电站计数器是劳动密集型的,容易出现错误.
- 现有的方法在复杂的背景和计量器图像中的各种缺陷外观方面扎.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种自动化系统,用于准确检测变电站计数器中常见的缺陷.
- 为了应对复杂的背景,不同尺寸的计数器和各种缺陷形状等挑战.
- 通过改进缺陷识别,提高电力系统的安全性和可靠性.
主要方法:
- 提出了PHAM-YOLO网络,将一个并行混合注意力机制 (PHAM) 集成到YOLOv5.
- 从手动检查图像中开发了一个常见计量器缺陷的数据集.
- 集成的空间金字塔聚合快速 (SPPF) 增强特征地图的表达力.
- 为了更准确的界限框回归,利用了欧盟上的高效交叉点 (EIOU).
主要成果:
- 在构建的数据集上,PHAM-YOLO的平均精度平均值 (mAP) 为78.3%,精度 (P) 为78.3%,回忆 (R) 为79.9%.
- 与原来的YOLOv5模型相比,mAP显示了2.7%的改善.
- 与其他物体检测模型 (如SSD和Fast R-CNN) 相比,其表现优越.
结论:
- PHAM-YOLO网络有效地检测变电站计数器缺陷,并具有高精度.
- 拟议的并行混合注意力机制 (PHAM) 模块对于专注于复杂背景中的缺陷特征至关重要.
- 这种自动化方法有助于提高电力系统的安全性和运营效率.
相关概念视频
Primary Distribution
127
Primary distribution systems deliver electrical power from substations to consumers through various voltage classes, with 15-kV class voltages being predominant among U.S. utilities. Older 2.5- and 5-kV classes are being replaced by 15-kV primaries, while higher 25- to 34.5-kV classes are used in high-density urban areas and rural regions with long feeders. Three-phase, four-wire multigrounded systems are widely employed for balanced power delivery, using the neutral wire as a grounding point.
127
Power System Three-Phase Short Circuits
114
Determining the subtransient fault current in a power system involves representing transformers by their leakage reactances, transmission lines by their equivalent series reactances, and synchronous machines as constant voltage sources behind their subtransient reactances. In this analysis, certain elements are excluded, such as winding resistances, series resistances, shunt admittances, delta-Y phase shifts, armature resistance, saturation, saliency, non-rotating impedance loads, and small...
114
Line Protection with Impedance Relays
101
Coordinating time-delay overcurrent relays in complex radial systems and directional overcurrent relays in multi-source transmission loops can be challenging. Impedance relays address these issues by responding to the voltage-to-current ratio, specifically measuring the apparent impedance of a line. These relays become more sensitive during faults as current increases and voltage decreases, thereby reducing the apparent impedance.
Under normal conditions, low load currents keep the measured...
Under normal conditions, low load currents keep the measured...
101
Fault Types
108
When analyzing a single line-to-ground fault from phase A to ground at a three-phase bus, it is important to consider the fault impedance. This impedance is zero for a bolted fault, equal to the arc impedance for an arcing fault, and represents the total fault impedance for a transmission-line insulator flashover. To derive sequence and phase currents, fault conditions are translated from the phase domain to the sequence domain.
For line-to-line faults occurring between phases B and C, the...
For line-to-line faults occurring between phases B and C, the...
108
Reclosers and Fuses
132
Automatic circuit reclosers enhance the protection of distribution circuits by interrupting and auto-reclosing an AC circuit according to a preset sequence. They effectively manage temporary faults on overhead distribution lines, often caused by tree limbs or wildlife, by briefly disrupting service to improve overall reliability. However, contact with reclosers or energized broken conductors on the ground can pose serious hazards.
A comprehensive protection scheme for radial distribution...
A comprehensive protection scheme for radial distribution...
132
Power System Distribution
269
Power system distribution involves delivering electrical energy from power plants to consumers through a network of transmission and distribution systems. The process begins at power plants, where energy from coal, gas, nuclear, water, and wind is converted into electrical energy. These plants use three-phase generators, typically rated between 50 to 1300 MVA, with terminal voltages ranging from a few kV to 20 kV, depending on the size and age of the units.
The transmission system is designed...
The transmission system is designed...
269


