周围动脉疾病:叙述性审查
Divya Parwani1, Mohamed A Ahmed2, Anmol Mahawar1
1Anatomical Sciences, St. George's University School of Medicine, St.George's, GRD.
Cureus
|July 14, 2023
概括
周围动脉疾病 (PAD) 会减少四肢动脉的血液流动. 诊断依赖于像Duplex超声波 (DUS),MRA,CTA和DSA这样的成像,对于管理PAD通常更喜欢血管内治疗.
科学领域:
- 血管医学 血管医学
- 干预心脏病学 干预心脏病学
- 诊断成像 诊断成像 诊断成像
背景情况:
- 周围动脉疾病 (PAD) 涉及偏远动脉的部分或完全封闭,由于弹性或直径降低,血液流量减少.
- PAD可以无症状表现,需要先进的成像来及时诊断和管理.
- 关键的受影响的动脉包括大心血管,常见的股骨和股骨块.
研究的目的:
- 对外围动脉疾病 (PAD) 的诊断成像方法进行审查.
- 讨论PAD目前的内血管和外科治疗策略.
- 突出预防措施在PAD管理中的重要性.
主要方法:
- 图像技术的审查:双重超声波 (DUS),磁共振血管学 (MRA),计算机断层扫描血管学 (CTA) 和数字减去血管学 (DSA).
- 讨论内血管程序 (血管造形术,药物涂层气球,支架) 和外科干预.
- 强调包括血压,胆固醇和烟草使用监测在内的预防策略.
主要成果:
- DUS是一种具有成本效益的,非侵入性的初步工具;MRA尽量减少文物;DSA是狭窄分级的黄金标准,但具有侵入性.
- CTA为DSA提供了一个替代方案,特别是对于患有脏疾病的患者,克服了解剖学限制.
- 由于并发症风险较低,并与手术可比的再干预率,内血管治疗通常更受青.
结论:
- 准确的PAD诊断依赖于根据患者需求量身定制的成像技术的组合.
- 对许多PAD病例来说,最少的侵入性内血管程序是首选的第一线治疗.
- 综合管理包括预防措施和根据病变复杂性和患者因素选择适当的干预措施.
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