顶级猫和弱者:亚洲森林景观中三个顶级食肉动物之间的协会内部相互作用
Arjun Srivathsa1,2, Vivek Ramachandran1,3, Pooja Saravanan1
1National Centre for Biological Sciences, TIFR, GKVK Campus, Bellary Road, Bengaluru, 560065, India.
概括
大型食肉动物,如老虎,和多勒 (Cuon alpinus) 等,都在争夺猎物. 它们的共存取决于猎物的可用性,影响这些危物种的保护策略.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
- 野生动物管理 野生动物管理
背景情况:
- 肉食动物之间的内部相互作用对于生态系统的运作至关重要,但在热带森林中人们对其了解甚少.
- 杜勒 (Cuon alpinus), (Panthera pardus) 和老虎 (Panthera tigris) 在亚洲面临着共同出现的下降,主要局限于保护区.
研究的目的:
- 研究亚洲热带森林中多拉,和老虎之间的竞争相互作用的决定因素和后果.
- 整合空间,时间和饮食利基数据以了解共存模式.
主要方法:
- 利用了118个传统和新型数据源,分析了双层相互作用和人口层面的时空动态.
- 评估了25个亚洲地区的食概况和猎物获取率与猎物可用性相关.
主要成果:
- 观察到一个社会层次:老虎主宰了多勒,而多勒主宰了子.
- 时空相互作用因猎物的可用性而有所不同;低可用性导致避免,而高可用性导致重叠和时间分离.
- 肉食动物协会消耗了0.4-30.2%的可用野生猎物生物质,在捕食者密度高的地区,这一比例更高.
结论:
- 洞穴 - - 虎的共存是通过猎物可用性和协会内部/协会特定竞争之间的微妙平衡来维持的.
- 了解这些动态对于有效保护大型捕食者和管理人类与食肉动物的相互作用至关重要.
- 未来的研究应该专注于热带食肉动物的竞争,以扩大生态的理解.
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