空气污染是否会影响交通安全? 来自中国城市的证据
Feng Wang1, Ruiqi Wang1, Mao Yan2
1School of Economics and Finance, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710061, China.
概括
空气污染严重影响交通安全,增加交通事故死亡人数. 虽然PM2.5的负面影响随着时间的推移而减弱,但它们在中国北部和经济不发达地区更为严重.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 运输科学 运输科学
背景情况:
- 交通安全是一个主要的公共卫生问题.
- 空气污染是一个广泛存在的环境问题,具有潜在的健康影响.
研究的目的:
- 调查中国空气污染与交通死亡率之间的非线性关系.
- 探索空气污染影响交通安全的调解机制.
主要方法:
- 使用平衡面板数据集对2014-2018年102个中国城市进行实证分析.
- 非线性回归模型用于评估PM2.5度对交通事故死亡人数的影响.
- 异质性分析,以研究区域和经济差异.
主要成果:
- 年平均PM2.5度增加1μg/m3与每百万人口交通死亡人数增加0.0439有关.
- PM2.5对交通安全的不利影响显示出非线性趋势,长期影响正在减少.
- 空气污染对交通安全的负面影响在中国北部城市和经济发展较低的城市更为明显.
结论:
- 空气污染对交通安全构成重大,非线性风险.
- 空气污染对交通安全的影响是由运输效率降低和驾驶员生理和认知功能受损所介导的.
- 针对脆弱地区的有针对性的干预措施对于减轻空气污染对交通安全的影响至关重要.
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