可归因于火灾的死胎和它们在非西方国家的地理差异
Tao Xue1, Jiajianghui Li2, Mingkun Tong2
1Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (PKU), School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China; Advanced Institute of Information Technology, Peking University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Exposure and Health Risk Management and Center for Environment and Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
野火烟雾是全球变暖带来的越来越大的威胁,显著增加了死胎的风险. 火源的PM2.5污染不成比例地影响低收入国家的孕产妇健康,突出了迫切需要保护的需要.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 生殖流行病学 生殖流行病学
- 全球公共卫生 全球公共卫生
背景情况:
- 全球变暖正在增加野火,导致严重的PM2.5污染.
- PM2.5污染对公共健康构成重大威胁,但其对死胎的影响尚未得到充分了解.
- 低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs) 面临着高死胎率和频繁的火灾的双重负担,这表明潜在的地理差异.
研究的目的:
- 量化归因于火源PM2.5污染的死胎负担.
- 调查与火源PM2.5.5相关的死胎的地理差异.
- 评估孕期暴露于火源PM2.5和死产风险之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 在54个LMIC中进行了一项自我匹配的病例控制研究,使用了来自35,590例怀孕 (2000-2014) 的数据.
- 开发了一个联合暴露-反应函数 (JERF),将死产与来自火灾和非火灾的PM2.5度联系起来.
- 估计PM2.5度通过融合多来源数据,包括化学运输模型和卫星观测.
主要成果:
- 每增加10μg/m3的火源PM2.5.5的死亡出生风险增加了17.4%.
- 2014年,估计有49,951例死产是由于火源的PM2.5暴露造成的.
- 与火源PM2.5相关的死胎显示出显著的地理差异 (吉尼指数:0.65),远高于总PM2.5 (0.28).
结论:
- 在野火期间保护孕妇免受PM2.5暴露对于预防死产至关重要.
- 与火灾相关的死胎严重导致母亲健康的地理差异.
- 在高暴露区域需要有针对性的干预措施,以减轻野火烟雾对死胎的影响.
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