适合视觉和听觉脑电脑接口的合规耳内生物电子
Zhouheng Wang1,2, Nanlin Shi3, Yingchao Zhang2
1Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
Nature communications
|July 14, 2023
概括
这项研究介绍了SpiralE,一种用于运动和语言康复的耳内脑电脑接口 (BCI). 这种新的BCI在视觉和听觉任务中实现了高精度,为现有方法提供了舒适有效的替代方案.
科学领域:
- 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 生物电子学 生物电子学
背景情况:
- 现有的脑电脑接口 (BCI) 面临诸如不便,应用限制和组织损伤风险等局限性.
- 当前的非侵入性和侵入性BCI技术在用户的舒适性和安全性方面提出了挑战.
研究的目的:
- 开发和评估一种名为SpiralE.的创新的耳内生物电子BCI系统.
- 克服当前BCI设备的局限性,为神经监测和康复提供舒适,适应和安全的解决方案.
主要方法:
- 设计了SpiralE,这是一款利用生物电子技术的耳内BCI,它通过电热驱动在听觉介质内通过电热驱动进行适应式扩展,以进行符合性接触.
- 用于视觉BCI任务的稳定状态视觉唤起潜力 (SSVEP) 和用于听觉BCI任务的自然语音听觉分类.
- 进行线下和在线实验,以评估分类准确性和打字性能.
主要成果:
- 在9个目标的SSVEPBCI分类中实现了95%的离线准确性.
- 成功演示了一个无校准的40个目标在线SSVEP拼写实验.
- 在具有挑战性的尾酒派对实验中,在自然语音听觉分类中达到84%的准确性.
- 在耳内SSVEP中观察到显著的第二波趋势,这表明新的空间分布研究的潜力.
结论:
- 螺旋E为运动和语言康复提供了一种新,舒适和有效的入耳BCI解决方案.
- 适应性耳内设计和高分类准确度突出显示了神经监测中3D灵活生物电子技术的潜力.
- 这项技术推动了生物医学工程的发展,并为未来的BCI开发提供了一个有前途的平台.
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01:31Hearing
When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
01:22Hair Cells
Hair cells are the sensory receptors of the auditory system—they transduce mechanical sound waves into electrical energy that the nervous system can understand. Hair cells are located in the organ of Corti within the cochlea of the inner ear, between the basilar and tectorial membranes. The actual sensory receptors are called inner hair cells. The outer hair cells serve other functions, such as sound amplification in the cochlea, and are not discussed in detail here.
01:13The Cochlea
The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
01:16Anatomy of the Ear
Auditory sensation, commonly called hearing, involves the transformation of sonic waves into neural impulses facilitated by the structures of the auditory organ. The prominent, flesh-like structure on the side of the head, called the auricle, directs sound waves towards the auditory canal. The auricle is often mislabeled as the pinna, a term more aligned with mobile structures like a feline's external ear. The auditory canal penetrates the cranium via the external auditory meatus of the...
01:15Auditory Pathway
Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking the...
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking the...
01:17Auditory Perception
The auditory system is essential for sound perception, utilizing various critical structures. When sound waves enter the outer ear, they travel through the ear canal and cause the eardrum to vibrate. These vibrations are then transmitted to the middle ear, where three tiny bones – the malleus, incus, and stapes – amplify the sound. This amplification is crucial, as it ensures that the sound vibrations are strong enough to be conveyed to the inner ear. These vibrations then reach the cochlea, a...