糖尿病相关的微血管并发症的遗传学
Valeriya Lyssenko1,2, Allan Vaag3,4
1Department of Clinical Science, Mohn Research Center for Diabetes Precision Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. valeriya.lyssenko@med.lu.se.
Diabetologia
|July 14, 2023
概括
遗传学在糖尿病并发症中发挥着作用,但需要更多的研究来确定糖尿病病等微血管问题的特定遗传因素. 了解这些遗传决定因素可能会导致更好的预防策略.
科学领域:
- 内分泌学和遗传学 在内分泌学和遗传学
- 代谢性疾病 研究 研究 研究
背景情况:
- 糖尿病导致微血管和宏血管并发症的显著发病率和死亡率.
- 虽然高血糖是主要的驱动因素,但遗传因素影响个人对糖尿病微血管并发症的易感性.
- 现有的全基因组关联研究 (GWAS) 已经确定了糖尿病的遗传变异,但对微血管并发症决定因素的洞察力有限.
研究的目的:
- 审查目前对糖尿病微血管并发症遗传贡献的理解.
- 突出需要先进的表型化和考虑环境因素在这些并发症的遗传研究.
主要方法:
- 审查现有文献,包括全基因组关联研究 (GWAS) 和遗传变异分析.
- 讨论糖尿病病 (DKD),视网膜病变和神经病变的已识别的遗传变异.
- 探索潜在的保护性遗传机制,例如影响糖解和线粒体功能.
主要成果:
- 2型糖尿病中糖尿病病 (DKD) 的遗传变异与非糖尿病人慢性病 (CKD) 的遗传变异重叠.
- 目前缺乏对糖尿病视网膜病变和神经病变的风险变体的复制.
- 过高血糖可能解释了一些报告的2型糖尿病风险变体和微血管并发症之间的关联.
结论:
- 了解糖尿病微血管并发症的遗传基础需要更全面的表型化和对环境因素的调整.
- 影响代谢途径和细胞修复机制的遗传变异可能会对这些并发症提供保护.
- 研究避免并发症的个体对于识别保护性遗传因素至关重要.
关键词:
它们是DNA DNA DNA DNA.糖尿病 糖尿病 糖尿病遗传学 遗传学 是一个在子宫内编程.代谢过程中的代谢.微血管疾病是微血管疾病.腎病症是指腎病的疾病.神经病变是一种神经病变.视网膜病变是一种视网膜病变.审查 审查 审查 审查更多相关视频
10:07Studying Diabetes Through the Eyes of a Fish: Microdissection, Visualization, and Analysis of the Adult tgfli:EGFP Zebrafish Retinal Vasculature
Published on: December 26, 2017
13.3K
08:22Combined Intravital Microscopy and Contrast-enhanced Ultrasonography of the Mouse Hindlimb to Study Insulin-induced Vasodilation and Muscle Perfusion
Published on: March 20, 2017
8.8K
相关概念视频
01:20Pathophysiology of Diabetes
1.0K
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
1.0K
01:22Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational
2.5K
Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
2.5K
01:22Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype
2.8K
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
2.8K
01:15Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications
600
For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
600
01:36Carbohydrate Metabolism
11.3K
Carbohydrates are polymers composed of molecules containing atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. One gram of carbohydrate can provide four kilo-calories of energy, which makes it the most efficient instant energy source.
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
11.3K
01:30Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction
25
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...
25