对金属污染的综合概述,对煤矿附近土壤的特定来源风险调查
Krishno Chandra1, Ram Proshad2,3, Maksudul Islam4
1Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh.
Environmental geochemistry and health
|July 14, 2023
概括
煤炭开采造成的土壤重金属污染对生态和健康构成风险. 农业活动和煤炭开采是主要来源,在儿童和成年人中发现了显著的癌症风险.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 地质化学 地质化学
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
背景情况:
- 土壤中的重金属,特别是煤矿的重金属,对生物多样性和人类健康构成重大威胁.
- 准确的风险评估对于管理采矿地区的污染至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估巴拉普库里亚煤矿附近的土壤中的重金属污染及其相关的生态和健康风险.孟加拉国.
- 通过综合方法确定重金属污染源.
主要方法:
- 在煤矿附近的土壤样本中分析了21种金属.
- 积极矩阵因子化 (PMF) 模型用于源分配的应用.
- 使用修改的污染因子,尼默罗污染指数,尼默罗综合风险指数和平均效应范围中位数等值来评估生态风险.
- 评估健康危险,包括癌症风险,使用PMF-健康危险风险 (PMF-HHR) 模型.
主要成果:
- 与页岩价值相比,一些金属 (Rb,Ca,Zn,Pb,As,Ti,Mn,Co,Ag,Zr,Nb) 的含量较高.
- 根据各种生态指数 (37-85%),显著比例的采样地点表明风险较高.
- 确定的来源包括农业活动 (33%),工业煤炭开采 (17%),大气沉积 (19%),交通排放 (16%) 和自然来源 (15%).
- 适度的生态风险与农业活动,煤矿开采和大气沉积有关.
- 癌症风险值超过了所有年龄组的标准值,农业活动对成年男性和儿童构成最高风险,交通排放对女性构成最高风险.
结论:
- 煤炭开采对土壤重金属污染作出了重大贡献,影响了生态和人类健康.
- 农业活动,工业煤炭开采和大气沉积是需要有针对性的减缓战略的关键来源.
- 该研究为决策者提供了关键数据,帮助他们制定有效的污染矿区风险管理计划.
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