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白色和灰色物质与自闭症中的思想理论相关:基于声素的形态学研究

Firat Soylu¹, Kaitlyn May², Rajesh Kana³

¹Educational Psychology Program, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, USA. fsoylu@ua.edu.

Brain structure & function

|July 15, 2023

概括

自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 与大脑结构的差异有关,影响着思维理论 (ToM) 的发展. 这些大脑变异影响了自闭症患者如何处理社会信息和年龄,为ASD机制提供了洞察力.

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
发展心理学发展心理学
精神病学是一个精神病学.

背景情况:

自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的特点是社会沟通缺陷和心理理论 (ToM) 的挑战.
了解ASD中ToM的神经基础对于诊断和干预至关重要.
大脑结构上的差异可能是ASD中社会认知变化的基础.

研究的目的:

研究自闭症与非自闭症个体的灰质体积 (GMV) 和白质体积 (WMV) 差异.
检查大脑结构,年龄和ToM技能 (阅读眼睛中的思维测试) 之间的关系.
为了识别脑部区域对于区分组之间的ToM表现至关重要.

主要方法:

在匹配的自闭症和非自闭症样本之间对GMV和WMV进行比较分析.
相关性分析将结构性大脑测量与年龄和ToM分数联系起来.
神经成像技术用于评估大脑结构.

主要成果:

在群体之间的社会处理区域中观察到广泛的GMV和WMV差异.
与对照人群相比,自闭症患者在GMV和WMV中显示出与年龄相关的相关性变化.
发现了GMV/WMV和ToM表现之间的差异关系,特别是在额头部,带膜体和体区域.
左胰岛的GMV是自闭症和非自闭症组之间ToM表现的关键差异化因素.

结论:

自闭症和非自闭症个体之间存在显著的结构性大脑差异,影响社会认知.
大脑结构的发育轨迹在ASD中不同,影响与年龄相关的变化.
特定的大脑区域,包括左侧岛屿,在ToM能力中发挥着关键作用,并区分患有ASD的个体.

关键词:

自闭症自闭症自闭症灰色物质是一种灰色物质.社会的认知社会认知.思想的理论思想的理论.基于voxel的形态测量方法白质是白质的组成部分.

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