在患有自闭症的青少年中绘制对意义的访问:非典型的横向化和时空模式作为语言能力的函数
Yuqi You1, Angeles Correas2, David R White2
1Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States; Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
NeuroImage. Clinical
|July 16, 2023
概括
患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的人在语言任务中表现出异常的大脑活动,经常使用右半球补偿. 在ASD中的语言能力影响语义处理和执行功能,揭示了各种神经支.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的特点是语言能力的显著异质性.
- 非典型的大脑活动模式与ASD的语言变异有关.
- 关于ASD的词法语处理的时空动态,特别是关于语言差异的研究有限.
研究的目的:
- 研究与典型发育 (TD) 同龄人相比,ASD青少年的词汇访问和语义整合的时空概况.
- 检查语言能力如何影响ASD组内的大脑活动模式.
- 阐明在ASD中语言异质性背后的神经机制.
主要方法:
- 对39名患有自闭症的高功能青少年和21名TD青少年进行了词汇决策任务.
- 时空大脑活动使用多式解剖约束磁脑摄影 (aMEG) 来测量,将MEG与结构性MRI整合在一起.
- 同时获得EEG数据;根据任务准确性,ASD参与者被分为高性能和低性能子组.
主要成果:
- 在词汇访问和语义整合过程中,TD青少年表现出左主导的前活动.
- 患有自闭症的参与者表现出双边的前时间参与,这表明右半球补偿性招募.
- 在ASD中左前额前部N400m活动减少与语义整合和抑制控制受损相关;这在表现较低的ASD亚组中更为明显.
结论:
- 自闭症与语言处理过程中的独特的时空大脑活动模式有关,包括补偿性右半球参与.
- 语言能力显著调节这些神经特征,较低的语言能力与更深层次的语义和执行障碍有关.
- 这些发现突出了ASD语言异质性的神经基础,可能反映了各种神经发育轨迹和补偿策略.
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