用SWMM进行应急响应计划:在各种降雨情景和城市表面下评估生物制剂运输的案例研究
Lifeng Yuan1, Anne M Mikelonis1, Eugene Yan2
1US EPA Office of Research and Development, Center for Environmental Solutions and Emergency Response, Homeland Security Materials Management Division, Durham, NC, USA.
Journal of hazardous materials
|July 16, 2023
概括
这项研究使用风暴水管理模型 (SWMM) 来模拟城市雨水下水中的子污染. 混凝土表面的子度明显高于青,这说明了对生物制剂释放的应急准备.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 水文学的水文学
- 风险评估 风险评估
背景情况:
- 生物制剂的释放对公众健康构成重大风险.
- 城市雨水系统可以促进污染物的传播.
- 有效的应急准备需要了解污染物通路.
研究的目的:
- 评估城市雨水中的潜在污染物水平和子的迁移途径.
- 评估不同表面 (青,草地,混凝土) 对子流水的影响.
- 使用风暴水管理模型 (SWMM) 进行应急准备模拟.
主要方法:
- 为美国海岸警卫队基地伊丽莎白城开发了一种高时空分辨率的SWMM.
- 从各种表面的点级现场研究中收集了雨水流失数据.
- 使用指数式washhoff函数与子度的现场数据校准SWMM.
- 模拟污染场景,包括在各种降雨条件下释放和点排放.
主要成果:
- SWMM模型准确地模拟了流水中的子度,匹配了现场研究数据.
- 在模拟的场景中,混凝土表面产生的子度平均比青高55.6%.
- 实地实验显示,混凝土的平均子度比青高175%.
- 不同的降雨事件 (自然,2年,100年) 影响了胞迁移.
结论:
- 在各种降水场景下,SWMM是评估来自城市表面的子冲洗的宝贵工具.
- 在雨水下水中可视化空间迁移路径有助于应急规划和补救工作.
- 了解表面特定的污染物行为对于生物制剂的准备至关重要.
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