婴儿对群体成员的偏见个性化
Adi Zehavi Fogiel1, Jonas Hermes2, Hannes Rakoczy2
1Department of Psychology, Gonda Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel.
Cognition
|July 16, 2023
概括
一岁的婴儿表现出群体偏见的早期迹象,长时间看不熟悉的"群体内"成员. 这表明,婴儿比外组成员更能识别熟悉的内组成员.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 社会认知是指社会认知.
- 婴儿研究 婴儿研究
背景情况:
- 成年人倾向于比对外群成员更多地识别群内成员.
- 在婴儿中这种内组个别化偏差的早期发展还不清楚.
- 这项研究探讨了婴儿是否表现出这种倾向与陌生,随意的群体.
研究的目的:
- 调查一岁的婴儿是否比不熟悉的外部群体的成员更能识别自己任意群体的成员.
- 确定早期的社会分类是否会影响对群体成员的期望.
主要方法:
- 96名1岁的婴儿根据与视频中女性的共同偏好被分配到内组,外组或无组条件.
- 婴儿观察到一个显示器,其中两个女性 (内组或外组) 中的一个从窗后出现.
- 观察时间被测量以推断婴儿对现场个体数量的期望.
主要成果:
- 与外组或无组条件下的婴儿相比,在内组条件下的婴儿在显示器上看起来更长.
- 这种更长的观察时间表明,在群体条件下,婴儿对看到两个个体的期望更强.
- 婴儿表现出集团成员对外组成员的加强个性化.
结论:
- 一岁的婴儿表现出对自己任意群体成员的个性化偏见.
- 这种早期个体化偏见表明,社会分类会影响婴儿的期望.
- 研究结果表明,对群体成员进行个性化的倾向在人类发育的早期出现.
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