意大利的食品,健康和减缓气候变化
Lorenzo Mangone1,2, Carlotta Sacerdote3, Jessica Laine1
1School of Public Health, Imperial College, London (United Kingdom).
Epidemiologia e prevenzione
|July 17, 2023
概括
采用可持续饮食,如EAT-Lancet饮食,与较低的死亡率和癌症风险有关. 这些饮食还减少了温室气体 (GHG) 排放和土地利用 (LU),为健康和环境带来了显著的好处.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 饮食对人类健康和环境可持续性产生重大影响.
- 人们越来越关注食品生产对环境的影响,包括温室气体 (GHG) 排放和土地利用 (LU).
- EAT-Lancet委员会提出了平衡健康和环境目标的行星健康饮食指南.
研究的目的:
- 调查饮食,健康结果 (死亡率和癌症发病率) 和环境影响 (温室气体排放和LU) 之间的关联.
- 提供关于饮食选择如何影响个人健康和地球的证据.
主要方法:
- 对EPIC意大利队列数据的分析 (N=47,749).
- 利用考克斯模型来估计总死亡率和癌症发病率的危险比率 (HR).
- 评估了对EAT-Lancet饮食的坚持,并计算了EAT-Lancet距离指数 (EatDI) 来量化饮食可持续性.
主要成果:
- 更加坚持可持续饮食 (EAT-Lancet) 与较低的整体死亡率和癌症发病率风险比率有关.
- 在高温室气体排放/LU和增加死亡风险的饮食四分位数之间观察到剂量反应关系.
- 不可持续的饮食与总体癌症发病率的更高危险比率有关.
结论:
- 推广对环境影响较低的饮食,如EAT-Lancet饮食,是缓解气候变化的可行策略.
- 可持续的饮食模式为公众健康提供了显著的共同益处,减少死亡率和癌症发病率.
- 饮食选择在应对全球健康挑战和环境可持续性方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
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