通过准有益的可塑性来增强神经康复
Jonathan R Wolpaw1,2, Aiko K Thompson3
1National Center for Adaptive Neurotechnologies, Albany Stratton VA Medical Center, Albany, NY, United States.
Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences
|July 17, 2023
概括
新的神经康复策略利用大脑的可塑性,在中枢神经系统 (CNS) 受伤后恢复技能. 针对特定大脑网络的基于技术的干预措施在提高技能恢复方面表现有前途,超出了传统治疗的范围.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 神经康复疗法 神经康复疗法
- 塑性研究的研究.
背景情况:
- 中枢神经系统 (CNS) 具有终身的可塑性,使其能够获得技能和适应.
- 技能由分布式神经网络所支持,称为"巫师",这些神经网络可能会因受伤或疾病而受损.
- 标准康复通常无法充分利用中枢神经系统的可塑性潜力,以获得最佳的技能恢复.
研究的目的:
- 探索用于神经康复的基于新技术的干预措施.
- 研究针对受损神经网络 (heksors) 中有益可塑性的方法.
- 增强中枢神经系统受伤或疾病的个体的技能恢复.
主要方法:
- 使用有针对性的可塑性干预措施,包括操作者调节和脑计算机接口 (BCI) 培训.
- 采用非侵入性技术引导关键中枢神经系统部位的可塑性.
- 通过BCI训练电脑电图 (EEG) 感官运动节奏.
主要成果:
- 基于技术的干预措施增强了脊髓损伤,中风和多发性硬化症患者的技能恢复.
- 改进超过了仅仅通过特定技能实践实现的改进.
- 在干预期结束后,福利仍然存在.
结论:
- 有针对性的可塑性干预为神经康复提供了一个有希望的方法.
- 这些新的方法可以显著改善中枢神经系统损伤后的技能恢复.
- "heksor"框架为理解和治疗受损技能提供了一个新的背景.
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