比较肯尼亚大城市和小城市 (内罗毕与基苏穆) 的旅行行为特征和相关性
Lambed Tatah1, Louise Foley1, Tolu Oni1
1MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
概括
在非洲的城市旅行行为显示出显著的差异. 比起内罗毕居民,基苏穆居民旅行的次数更少,旅行时间更短,这突显了环境依赖的影响.
科学领域:
- 城市规划和可持续发展
- 运输科学 运输科学
- 非洲城市研究是非洲城市研究.
背景情况:
- 了解城市旅行行为对于快速城市化非洲的可持续城市规划至关重要.
- 现有的关于非洲城市城市城市旅行模式的数据和文献有限.
- 这项研究通过检查两个肯尼亚城市的旅行行为来解决知识差距.
研究的目的:
- 描述和比较旅游行为特征和相关性在肯尼亚的内罗毕和基苏穆.
- 为了确定两座城市之间的旅行频率,旅行时间和模式选择的差异.
- 探索社会人口统计学因素对研究城市地区旅行行为的影响.
主要方法:
- 来自内罗毕 (2013年,16793名参与者) 和基苏穆 (2016年,5790名参与者) 的家庭旅行调查数据的分析.
- 利用Heckman选择模型分析旅行时间和旅行模式之间的相关性.
- 比较旅行行为指标,包括旅行费率,旅行时间和运输方式.
主要成果:
- 基苏穆的非旅行者比例明显更高 (47%与5%相比).
- 每日出行率相似,但每日出行时间在基苏穆 (65分钟) 与内罗毕 (116分钟) 相比较较短.
- 步行是基苏穆 (61%) 的主要方式,而内罗毕则更依赖马塔图 (28%) 和汽车 (12%).
- 女性和收入较低的人报告说,旅行次数较少,旅行时间较短.
- 性别,收入和车辆所有权等社会人口统计因素与城市间的旅行行为有着不同的关联.
结论:
- 在内罗毕和基苏穆之间,城市旅行行为存在显著差异,这表明有强烈的环境依赖的影响.
- 旅行行为受到性别,收入和家庭车辆所有权等因素的影响,影响各不相同.
- 需要更多的亚国家级数据收集和协调,以全面了解非洲城市旅行模式.
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