高性能羽毛球的训练演练 - - 间隔时间对内部和外部负荷的影响
Antonia Edel1, Jan-Luka Weis1, Alexander Ferrauti1
1Department for Training and Exercise Science, Faculty of Sports Science, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
Frontiers in physiology
|July 17, 2023
概括
在羽毛球练习中,较长的间隔时间增加了无氧刺激,但降低了跑步距离和速度. 延长间隔超过30秒可能会对外部训练负载和技能表现产生负面影响.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 羽毛球表现分析 羽毛球表现分析
背景情况:
- 优化训练负载和技术技能表现对于高性能运动员来说至关重要.
- 间歇时间是设计体育特定训练方案的关键变量.
- 了解羽毛球中不同间隔时间的生理和生物力学反应对于有效的训练至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析不同间隔时间 (10,30,50秒) 对高性能羽毛球练习中的训练负载和技术技能表现的影响.
- 为了研究在羽毛球专用演习期间对不同间隔持续时间的心肺呼吸,代谢和运动反应.
- 确定最佳的间隔时间,以最大限度地提高训练效率,而不会影响技能执行.
主要方法:
- 19名国际排名的羽毛球运动员 (13名男性,6名女性) 参加了"多种养"演习的三个实验协议 (T10,T30,T50).
- 协议的间隔持续时间各不相同 (10秒,30秒,50秒),同时保持1:1的拉力休息比率和600秒的活跃游戏时间.
- 测量包括心肺呼吸反应 (精神测量),能量代谢 (血液乳酸盐),感知劳动力 (RPE),动力学 (LPS) 和技术技能表现 (视频分析).
主要成果:
- 在不同方案的平均氧气消耗,能量消耗,心率或RPE方面没有发现显著差异.
- 呼吸交换比率 (RER) 和血液乳酸盐 (La) 水平随着时间间隔的延长而显著增加.
- 与T10相比,在T50协议中,跑步距离和速度显著下降,而在T30与T10相比,跳跃频率更高. 在所有协议中,冲击精度没有受到影响.
结论:
- 在羽毛球练习中,较长的间隔时间增强了无氧代谢刺激,但减少了外部训练负载指标,如跑步距离和速度.
- 虽然保持了冲击精度,但超过30秒的间隔可能会损害整体训练效率和技能表现.
- 建议根据羽毛球的具体训练目标,仔细考虑间隔时间.
相关概念视频
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