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相关概念视频

Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids01:15

Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids

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Synthetic and semisynthetic opioids are pivotal in pain management and tackling opioid addiction. Semisynthetic opioids, including morphinans (morphine derivatives), oxycodone, oxymorphone, hydrocodone, and hydromorphone, have improved pharmacokinetic profiles compared to morphine. Additionally, heroin and 6-MAM (6-Monoacetylmorphine) show better CNS penetration than morphine due to heightened lipid solubility. Hydromorphone, a potent opioid, undergoes hepatic metabolism to form the active...
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Analgesia and Pain Management01:25

Analgesia and Pain Management

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Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...
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Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview01:24

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview

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Intravenous anesthetics are drugs administered parenterally to induce anesthesia or sedation. Propofol is a widely used agent formulated as a 1% emulsion in soybean oil, glycerol, and egg phosphatide. It induces rapid anesthesia primarily due to its rapid distribution from the bloodstream to target tissues and is metabolized in the liver. However, it can cause significant pain on injection and hypertriglyceridemia. Fospropofol, a water-based prodrug of propofol, lacks these adverse effects.
158
Opioid Analgesics: Morphine and Other Natural Cogeners01:20

Opioid Analgesics: Morphine and Other Natural Cogeners

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Opioids are a class of drugs that mimic endogenous opioid peptides and act on opioid receptors, and help in pain relief. These compounds are classified as natural, synthetic, or semi-synthetic. Natural opioids, like morphine, codeine, and thebaine, are derived from the opium poppy plant (Papaver somniferum or Papaver album) and are termed opiates. Synthetic opioids are artificial, while semi-synthetic opioids combine natural and synthetic compounds. Morphine, a prototypical opioid, possesses a...
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Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia01:29

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia

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Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...
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Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia01:11

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia

684
Spinal anesthetics are given during lower abdomen and limb surgeries to block sensory and motor neurons. They are administered in the mid to low lumbar regions, primarily acting on the cauda equina's nerve roots. The blockade level depends on the local anesthetic (LA) concentration. Usually, low LA concentrations are sufficient to block sensory fibers, while only high LA concentrations block motor fibers. Other factors like injection volume and speed, the patient's posture, and the drug...
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The Sciatic Nerve Cuffing Model of Neuropathic Pain in Mice
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甲类药物可以降低骨科创伤患者的外科手术期间的阿片类药物需求吗? 一个单一中心的回顾性分析分析.

Pragadeeshwaran Jaisankar1, Bhaskar Sarkar1, Nirvin Paul1

  • 1Department of Trauma Surgery, AIIMS Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, 249203, India.

European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie
|July 17, 2023
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

在四肢骨折手术中使用 gabapentin 显著降低了与单独服用青相比,对阿片类止痛药的需求. 这项研究强调了 gabapentin 作为一种有价值的非阿片类药物选择,用于骨科创伤中的术后疼痛管理.

关键词:
gabapentin 是一种药物.这是一种阿片类药物.帕拉西他摩尔是一种可怕的药物.创伤是一个创伤.这就是VAS VAS.

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科学领域:

  • 整形外科手术 整形外科手术
  • 疼痛管理 疼痛管理
  • 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.

背景情况:

  • 骨科创伤/四肢骨折的术后疼痛控制是一个重大的临床挑战.
  • 加巴类药物越来越多地被探索为各种骨科子专业的非阿片类药物辅助剂.
  • 研究 gabapentin 在四肢骨折的外科手术期疼痛管理中的疗效是有必要的.

研究的目的:

  • 评估加巴丁与降醇联合用于手术前疼痛控制在接受手术固定的四肢骨折患者的有效性.
  • 为了比较接受 gabapentin 和青与单独服用青的患者之间的阿片类止痛药需求和疼痛评分.

主要方法:

  • 对119名患有孤立长骨四肢骨折的患者进行了回顾性比较研究.
  • 患者被分为两组: gabapentin + 降醇 (GP) 和非 gabapentin + 降醇 (NGP).
  • 加巴丁在术前和术后使用;通过VAS得分和额外的阿片类药物使用来评估疼痛.

主要成果:

  • 与NGP组 (74%) 相比,GP组 (41%) 的阿片类止痛药需求明显较低 (p < 0.01).
  • 在所有测量时间点上,两组之间的VAS分数没有显著差异.
  • 在NGP组的关节内骨折显示了显著更高的阿片类药物需求.

结论:

  • 补充甲巴丁与白醇有效地减少了四肢骨折患者的外科期阿片类药物消耗.
  • gabapentinoids 为减轻创伤手术疼痛管理中的阿片类药物相关并发症提供了一种可行的策略.
  • 建议对肢体创伤的标准化疼痛管理指南进行进一步的研究.