生物膜对塑料废物的浮力产生影响:一项实验性研究
Paula Núñez1, Cristina Misic2, Laura Cutroneo2
1IHCantabria - Instituto de Hidráulica Ambiental de la Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain.
Marine pollution bulletin
|July 17, 2023
概括
海洋塑料垃圾在生物膜形成时沉没,这与塑料塑料相反.
科学领域:
- 海洋生物学 海洋生物学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 海洋学 海洋学 海洋学
背景情况:
- 大多数海洋中的塑料垃圾漂浮,但只占海洋塑料总量的1%.
- 生物污染,即微生物的积累,可能会导致塑料碎片沉没,这解释了这种差异.
- 了解影响塑料垃圾浮力的因素对于预测其运输和影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查生物膜形成对各种塑料碎片类型浮力能力的影响.
- 量化由于不同程度的生物污染造成的浮力和沉降速度的变化.
- 建立生物膜生长与塑料碎片的物理特征之间的关系,以改进建模.
主要方法:
- 实验室实验评估了十种塑料材料 (密度,尺寸,形状各不相同),包括面罩和棉巾.
- 生物膜的潜伏期从几周到三个月不等,以模拟不同的生长阶段.
- 对每个材料的生物膜水平和上升/沉降速度在七个时间点进行测量.
主要成果:
- 固体塑料材料在生物膜生长时表现出降低的浮力.
- 空洞和开放的塑料材料在生物膜殖民的早期阶段显示出浮力增加.
- 在生物膜生长和相当于碎片球体直径之间发现了相关性.
结论:
- 生物膜的形成显著改变了塑料碎片的浮力,影响了其在海洋中的垂直分布.
- 浮力变化的观察到的趋势取决于材料的物理性质 (例如,固体与空心).
- 生物膜生长与相应球体直径之间的确定的关系可以增强塑料垃圾运输和海洋环境中的命运的预测模型.
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