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城市绿地冷却效率的规模依赖:北京大都会地区的一个案例研究
1College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
The Science of the total environment
|July 17, 2023
概括
城市绿地 (UGS) 应对城市热岛效应. 中型UGS提供了最佳的冷却效率,这表明战略城市规划应该优先考虑它们的开发和布局,以最大限度地减轻热量.
科学领域:
- 城市规划 城市规划
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 遥感 遥感 遥感 遥感
背景情况:
- 城市绿色空间 (UGS) 是一个关键的基于自然的解决方案 (NbS),用于减轻城市热岛 (UHI) 效应.
- 在土地限制下,优化UGS尺寸和冷却效率对于战略城市绿色规划至关重要.
- 由于UGS冷却效应的规模依赖性,特别是对于中小型区域,需要进一步量化.
研究的目的:
- 调查北京城市绿色空间 (UGS) 尺寸依赖的冷却效率.
- 量化UGS尺寸,冷却强度和UGS特征之间的关系.
- 为城市绿化战略提供基于证据的建议,以应对城市热量.
主要方法:
- 利用高分辨率遥感图像,在北京提取了10003个UGS补丁.
- 通过测量陆地表面温度下降,分析了UGS的冷却效应.
- 量化了不同UGS大小 (小,中,大) 的冷却强度,并将其与UGS形状复杂性和植被质量相关联.
主要成果:
- 59.20%的UGS表现出"冷却岛屿效应",降低陆地表面温度0.06 ± 0.05 °C至3.81 ± 1.01 °C.
- 冷却强度随着UGS大小的非线性增加,受形状复杂性和植被质量的影响.
- 中型UGS显示了最高的冷却效率 (0.79 ± 0.01),其次是大型 (0.19 ± 0.03) 和小型UGS (-0.004 ± 0.03).
结论:
- 城市绿化战略应优先考虑增加中型UGS,以有效缓解城市热量.
- 绿色空间的布局和管理是最大化冷却效益的关键因素.
- 了解和纳入UGS冷却效应的规模依赖性对于未来的城市规划和UHI缓解工作至关重要.
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