通过对临床医生进行互补驱动的延期来提高人工智能支持诊断的可靠性和准确性
Krishnamurthy Dj Dvijotham1, Jim Winkens2, Melih Barsbey3
1Google DeepMind, Mountain View, CA, USA. dvij@cs.washington.edu.
Nature medicine
|July 17, 2023
概括
基于互补性的推迟临床工作流程 (CoDoC) 通过智能地在人工智能 (AI) 和临床医生的意见之间做出决定来提高疾病检测的准确性. 这种人工智能辅助的方法减少了医学成像诊断中的错误和工作量.
科学领域:
- 医学成像分析 医学成像分析
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 临床决策支持系统 临床决策支持系统
背景情况:
- 基于深度学习的人工智能 (AI) 系统在医学成像中实现专家级疾病识别,但在临床医生成功的地方可能会犯错,反之亦然.
- 将人工智能集成到临床工作流中,在优化诊断准确性和效率方面存在挑战.
研究的目的:
- 开发和评估基于互补性的推迟临床工作流程 (CoDoC) 系统.
- 通过学习延迟人工智能预测和临床医生评估之间的时间来提高临床工作流程的诊断准确性和效率.
- 评估CoDoC在不同医学成像模式,临床环境和AI系统中的表现.
主要方法:
- 开发 CoDoC 系统,这是一个机器学习模型,旨在在人工智能和临床医生的诊断意见之间进行仲裁.
- 在乳腺癌查和结核病 (TB) 选工作流程中对CoDoC的临床验证.
- 评估CoDoC的绩效指标,包括假阳性率,假阴性率和临床医生的工作量减少.
- 评估CoDoC在各种成像模式,临床环境和商业AI系统中的通用性.
主要成果:
- 在英国的乳腺癌查中,CoDoC减少了25%的假阳性,而假阴性没有增加,同时与双重阅读相比,减少了66%的临床医生的工作量.
- 对于结核病分类,CoDoC在5个测试的AI系统中,在3个系统中,比独立AI或临床工作流程 (以相当的错误负率) 减少了5-15%的错误阳性.
- 在各种成像模式,临床环境和AI系统中,CoDoC展示了持续的性能增长,表明了强度.
结论:
- CoDoC有效地提高了诊断准确度,并通过协同人工智能和临床医生的专业知识来减少临床环境中的工作负担.
- 该 CoDoC 系统显示,它有望在未来的临床工作流程中无集成,改善患者的治疗结果和医疗保健效率.
- 提供了一个开源实现,以促进人工智能-临床医生协作诊断系统的进一步研究和应用.
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