食补充剂对精英足球运动员运动表现的影响:系统性审查
Rodrigo Abreu1,2, Catarina B Oliveira1,3, Júlio A Costa1
1Portugal Football School, Portuguese Football Federation, FPF, Oeiras, Portugal.
Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition
|July 18, 2023
概括
这篇评论发现,咖啡因,肌酸和蛋白质补充剂可能会提高精英足球运动员的运动表现. 酸桃汁和甜菜汁可能有助于恢复,但对其他补充剂需要更多的研究.
科学领域:
- 运动科学与营养 运动科学与营养
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 营养补充 营养补充
背景情况:
- 食补充剂被运动员广泛使用,包括足球运动员,寻求提高表现.
- 关于足球表现补充剂的现有证据往往是矛盾的,稀缺的或缺乏的.
- 精英足球运动员代表了一个特定的人群,具有高的训练需求和性能期望.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和综合各种食补充剂对精英足球运动员体育表现的影响.
- 在关键性能指标上评估咖啡因,肌酸,蛋白质等补充剂的证据.
主要方法:
- 在2022年6月,主要数据库 (MEDLINE/PubMed,科学网,Scopus,EBSCO) 进行了系统的文献搜索.
- 纳入标准侧重于涉及精英,世界级足球运动员和饮食补充剂的研究.
- 确定了1043项研究,其中18项最终满足了分析的资格标准.
主要成果:
- 咖啡因 (3-6毫克/公斤) 和肌酸可以提高冲刺,跳跃和敏捷性表现,特别是在女性运动员中.
- 如果饮食摄入量不足,蛋白质补充可能有利于比赛之间的表现.
- 酸桃汁和富含酸盐的甜菜汁显示出有助于比赛后恢复和减轻表现下降的潜力.
结论:
- 特定的补充剂,如咖啡因,肌酸,蛋白质,酸果汁和甜菜汁,有望提高足球表现和恢复.
- 对补充剂的个人反应,特别是咖啡因,需要个性化考虑.
- 需要进一步进行高质量的研究,以提供关于精英足球运动员补充剂使用的强有力的证据和指导.
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