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检查挑战/威胁状态和体育-表现关系,同时控制过去的表现

Matthew Jewiss^1,2, Oliver R Runswick³, Iain Greenlees²

¹School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge,United Kingdom.

Journal of sport & exercise psychology

|July 18, 2023

概括

挑战和威胁状态可能无法预测压力下的表现. 对板球运动员和高尔夫球运动员的过去表现进行控制,发现前经验,而不是心理状态,是表现结果的关键因素.

科学领域:

心理学心理学心理学
运动科学运动科学运动科学
表演心理学表演心理学

背景情况:

理论上,挑战和威胁状态会影响各个领域的表现.
以前的研究往往无法充分控制参与者之间过去表现的变化.
了解这些状态的确切影响需要严格控制混变量.

研究的目的:

调查挑战和威胁状态对绩效的影响.
检查过去的表现作为压力下的表现预测者的作用.
为了比较挑战和威胁状态的影响,使用不同的控制方法对过去的表现进行比较.

主要方法:

实验1:利用先前的表现统计数据,对45名业余板球运动员进行实验.
实验2:使用40名非竞争性高尔夫球运动员进行主体内设计,以评估表现.
挑战和威胁状态的心血管相关性与性能指标一起测量.

主要成果:

在实验1中,回归分析表明,挑战和威胁状态的心血管标记预测了板球击球表现.
在实验2中,无论是对象之间的分析还是对象内部分析,都确定了过去的表现是高尔夫打球表现的唯一显著预测因素.
挑战和威胁状态的预测能力因实验设计和控制措施而异.

结论:

这些发现表明,当过去的表现没有得到充分控制时,挑战和威胁状态对绩效的影响可能被夸大了.
过去的表现成为压力下的表现的关键决定因素,可能会掩盖心理状态的影响.
未来的研究应该优先考虑对先前经验进行强有力的控制,在检查心理状态对表现的影响时.

关键词:

生物心理社会模型心血管反应性心血管反应性压力压力压力压力压力压力反应应对压力的反应.挑战和威胁状态在运动员中的理论.

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