在N-of-1医学研究中的证据和报告标准:系统性审查
Prathiba Natesan Batley1, Erica B McClure2, Brandy Brewer3
1University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA. pnbatley@gmail.com.
Translational psychiatry
|July 18, 2023
概括
医疗N-of-1试验对于个性化医学至关重要,通常缺乏严格的数据分析和报告标准. 大多数审查的研究未能满足证据标准,阻碍了有效的科学结论和元分析.
科学领域:
- 临床医学研究 临床医学研究
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 个性化医疗是个性化的医疗.
背景情况:
- N-of-1试验是一种单个病例实验设计 (SCED),在医学研究中,特别是精神病学中,对于推进精准医学而言越来越重要.
- 确保在进行和分析N-of-1试验时达到最高标准,对于防止有效性威胁至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查医学N-of-1试验出版物 (2013-2022年),以评估对SCEDs的What Works Clearinghouse (WWC) 证据标准的遵守.
- 评估在N-of-1设计中使用的数据分析技术的适当性.
- 确定研究是否证明了独立变量和结果变量之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed和Web of Science的系统文献搜索,寻找2013年至2022年间发表的关于医学N-of-1试验的经验期刊文章.
- 不包括协议,方法论文和不涉及医疗状况操纵的研究.
- 对115篇文章的审查与WWC证据标准对比,以及对数据分析技术的分析.
主要成果:
- 只有3.48%的审查文章符合WWC对SCEDs的所有证据标准.
- 显著的大多数未能报告适当的效果大小 (99.1%),信心/可信度间隔或原始数据 (47.9%),阻碍了元分析.
- 常见的分析问题包括忽视自相关性 (83.8%) 和未能满足分布假设 (65.8%),可能导致不准确的效果大小.
结论:
- 医学N-of-1试验在设计和分析方面经常表现出方法上的弱点,从而损害了科学有效性.
- 对于医学N-of-1试验的进行和分析,需要更严格的指导方针.
- 数据和效应大小的不充分报告妨碍了可复制性和开放科学的精神.
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