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相关概念视频

Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

18.5K
Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
18.5K
Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge02:54

Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge

24.0K
An ionic compound is stable because of the electrostatic attraction between its positive and negative ions. The lattice energy of a compound is a measure of the strength of this attraction. The lattice energy (ΔHlattice) of an ionic compound is defined as the energy required to separate one mole of the solid into its component gaseous ions. For the ionic solid sodium chloride, the lattice energy is the enthalpy change of the process:
24.0K
Lattice Centering and Coordination Number02:33

Lattice Centering and Coordination Number

9.7K
The structure of a crystalline solid, whether a metal or not, is best described by considering its simplest repeating unit, which is referred to as its unit cell. The unit cell consists of lattice points that represent the locations of atoms or ions. The entire structure then consists of this unit cell repeating in three dimensions. The three different types of unit cells present in the cubic lattice are illustrated in Figure 1.
Types of Unit Cells
Imagine taking a large number of identical...
9.7K
First Law: Particles in Two-dimensional Equilibrium01:18

First Law: Particles in Two-dimensional Equilibrium

5.1K
Recall that a particle in equilibrium is one for which the external forces are balanced. Static equilibrium involves objects at rest, and dynamic equilibrium involves objects in motion without acceleration; but it is important to remember that these conditions are relative. For instance, an object may be at rest when viewed from one frame of reference, but that same object would appear to be in motion when viewed by someone moving at a constant velocity.
Newton's first law tells us about...
5.1K
Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:17

Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

3.4K
Ziegler–Natta polymerization is another form of addition or chain‐growth polymerization used for synthesizing linear polymers over branched polymers. The catalyst used for polymerization is the Ziegler–Natta catalyst, named after Karl Ziegler and Giulio Natta, who developed it in 1953. This catalyst is an organometallic complex of titanium tetrachloride and triethyl aluminum, with the active form of the catalyst being an alkyl titanium compound. Using the Ziegler–Natta...
3.4K
Network Covalent Solids02:18

Network Covalent Solids

13.5K
Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
To break or to melt a covalent network solid, covalent bonds must be broken. Because covalent bonds are relatively strong, covalent network solids are typically...
13.5K

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在二维网格上,自回避链的随机顺序吸附.

L S Ramirez1, P M Pasinetti2, A J Ramirez-Pastor2

  • 1Departamento de Física, Instituto de Física Aplicada, Universidad Nacional de San Luis-CONICET, Ejército de Los Andes 950, D5700HHW, San Luis, Argentina and Instituto de Física Interdisciplinar y Sistemas Complejos, IFISC (CSIC-UIB), Campus Universitat Illes Balears, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.

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PubMed
概括

这项研究研究了状k-mers在格子上的随机顺序吸附. 干扰覆盖率随着格子连接的增加而增加,并且对于曲折的k-mers比线性k-mers更高.

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科学领域:

  • 物理化学 物理化学
  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
  • 统计力学 统计力学

背景情况:

  • 随机顺序吸附 (RSA) 是表面科学中的一个基本过程.
  • 了解干扰覆盖范围对于设计表面涂层和材料至关重要.
  • 之前的研究主要集中在线性吸附物,使得扩展的,非线性物体的探索较少.

研究的目的:

  • 为了研究 2D 格子上曲折的 k-mers 的随机顺序吸附.
  • 要确定干扰覆盖范围如何取决于k-mer长度和格子连接.
  • 为了比较扭曲的k-mers与线性k-mers的吸附行为.

主要方法:

  • 使用RSA高效算法的数值模拟.
  • 建模吸附作为规则格子 (蜂,方形,三角形) 上k步骤的自我避开步行.
  • 对干扰覆盖率 (θ_{j,k}) 和时间依赖的表面覆盖率 (θ_{k}(t)) 的分析.

主要成果:

  • 干扰覆盖范围 (θ_{j,k}) 随着格子连接的增加而增加.
  • 一个通用的配合函数θ_{j,k}=θ_{j,k→∞}+B/k+C/k^{2}描述了跨格子的k-依赖.
  • 扭曲的k-mers在相同的网格上实现了比线性k-mers更高的干扰覆盖率.

结论:

  • 格子连接性显著影响扩展对象在RSA中的干扰覆盖.
  • 与线性对应物相比,k-mers的扭曲性质提高了表面包装效率.
  • 开发的计算方法允许对吸附过程进行详细的动力分析.