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在向前飞行的蝶上,翼角和侧面比的分离翅膀形状效应
Sheng-Kai Chang1, You-Jun Lin1, Kuan-Lun Hsu1
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106319, Taiwan.
Physical review. E
|July 19, 2023
概括
蝶的翅膀形状显著影响飞行. 分离翅膀扫描角度和侧面比 (AR) 显示,前向扫描的翅膀具有小的AR,最大限度地提高了微型飞行器 (MAV) 中高效巡航飞行的升降比.
科学领域:
- 空气动力学 航空动力学
- 生物启发的工程是生物启发的.
- 流体力学的流体力学
背景情况:
- 蝶的翅膀形状对于飞行效率和微型飞行器 (MAV) 设计至关重要.
- 自然的蝶翅膀具有重叠的前翼和后翼,其中翅膀角和侧面比 (AR) 结合在一起.
- 了解翼角和AR的独立影响对于优化MAV空气动力学至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了数值地研究翅膀角和面积比 (AR) 对蝶飞行空气动力学的独立影响.
- 在自然蝶翅膀中观察到的翅膀横扫角度和AR的合空气动力学影响的解.
- 以蝶飞行为灵感,为设计高效的微型飞行器 (MAV) 提供见解.
主要方法:
- 根据Papilio polytes和Kallima inachus的测量,开发了翅膀形状模型,具有各种翅膀扫描角度和AR的组合.
- 利用数值模拟来分析每个模型的空气动力学力和流动机制.
- 在模型中确保前翼和后翼的部分重叠,以代表单一的功能机翼.
主要成果:
- 成功分离了翼角和AR的影响,揭示了各自不同的流动机制和空气动力学力趋势.
- 对于固定的AR,向后扫描的翅膀可以增强升力和阻力,这是由于改进了前端旋附着和跨度流动.
- 对于固定翅膀扫角度,较小的AR翅膀可以通过增强的唤醒捕获来增加升力和减少阻力.
结论:
- 通过向前扫描的机翼和最小的AR实现了最大的升空-拖拉比率,非常适合巡航飞行.
- 前翼相对于后翼的向前扫动有利于高效的向前飞行.
- 结果为蝶飞行动态和MAV设计优化提供了关键的见解.
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